As we all know, infection is almost inevitable in plasma cell disorders (PCD). Although infection is not the diagnostic standard of PCD, it is a common complication of most patients, and it is also an important cause of morbidity and mortality of patients, especially the elderly and immunocompromised patients. In addition, the increasing use of immune-based therapeutic drugs in multiple myeloma may also have a negative impact on infection epidemiology and clinical outcome.

　 　 　 　According to statistics, the risk of infection in patients with multiple myeloma is 7 times higher than that in the general population; 10% patients died within 60 days after diagnosis, of which 45% were attributed to infection, and most of them occurred in elderly patients; 17% of multiple myeloma deaths are attributed to infection, and before the first-line treatment, the highest death rate was caused by infection (46%)1.

　 　 　 　In addition, infection, inflammation and pathogens also play an important role in the pathogenesis of plasma cell disease. Infectious cancer factors can be divided into direct carcinogens and indirect carcinogens. The former expresses viral oncogenes that directly contribute to carcinogenic transformation, while the latter causes cancer through chronic inflammation and acquired driven mutation. The mechanism of pathogen carcinogenesis includes pathogen as the direct carcinogen of PCD (oncogenic virus assists the occurrence of immunosuppressive cancers, such as Kaposi sarcoma and HHV8) and pathogen as the indirect carcinogen of PCD (chronic inflammation can enhance cell proliferation, and abnormal immune response to self-protein or infectious pathogens increases the risk of gene change and subsequent malignant transformation into dominant MM, Long-term antigen stimulation may also promote the genomic instability of MM by combining cytidine deaminase) and pathogens as regulators of PCD immune monitoring (Th17 cells secrete inflammatory cytokines, and promote the growth of plasma cells through IL-6-STAT3 signaling pathway and local activation of eosinophils; Intestinal flora may affect the response and toxicity of immunotherapy, and the principle is that immunosuppressants and broad-spectrum antibiotics can significantly change the composition of microbial flora.

　 　 　 　As mentioned earlier, infection is still the main cause of morbidity and mortality of patients with multiple myeloma due to the cumulative effect of disease, treatment and host-related factors. In view of the cumulative risk of infection in the whole course of disease, it is very important to prevent infection. At present, the best prevention strategies include vaccination against common pathogens, antibacterial prevention, infection management and immunoglobulin replacement for a small number of patients. But in general, there is no universally accepted infection prevention guideline for multiple myeloma.

　 　 　 　In view of this, the International Myeloma Association convened 36 experts from all over the world to jointly review the existing literature and guidelines, and solve the problems related to the infection risk and prevention of infectious complications of multiple myeloma under the emerging treatment background, including providing personalized infection treatment strategies for MM and providing suggestions for preventing infectious complications. The consensus statement was published in Lancet Haematology in February.

　

Panel1: Summary of key points and key suggestions for preventing infection in patients with multiple myeloma

Infection is still the main cause of death in patients with multiple myeloma. Risk factors include immunosuppression, treatment, age and complications (such as renal failure and weakness) of multiple myeloma.

The period with the highest risk of infection is the first 3 months after diagnosis and when treating relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma.

Patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma are more likely to prevent potential infections (such as Streptococcus pneumoniae or Haemophilus influenzae).

Most infections in patients with multiple myeloma are caused by viruses and bacteria: bacterial infections are most often manifested as pneumonia and bacteremia, while viral infections are usually manifested as seasonal viruses, especially influenza and herpes zoster.

If the risk of infection increases, levofloxacin can be considered for prevention (NCCN 2A level). Patients with seropositive herpes simplex virus and varicella-zoster virus (such as detection) can be given acyclovir for prevention. It is recommended that patients who receive proteasome inhibitors or targeted monoclonal antibodies, especially CD38 targeted monoclonal antibodies, use acyclovir for prevention (NCCN level 1). Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole can be reserve for patients at risk of pneumocystis Yersinia pneumonia, such as patients with relapsed/refractory myeloma or patients receiving large doses of dexamethasone (for example, ≥40 mg/ day, 4 days a week). For patients with sulfur allergy, alternative drugs such as dapsone (NCCN 2A grade) can be considered.

It is suggested that patients with multiple myeloma should be vaccinated with inactivated influenza vaccine (preferably with two doses of influenza vaccine, regardless of age) and inactivated streptococcus pneumoniae vaccine (PCV13) every year, and then with PPSV23(NCCN 2A level) every five years.

Only patients with multiple myeloma are recommended to be vaccinated with inactivated vaccine.

The ability to produce protective response after immunization depends on the immunosuppressive status of patients (such as disease load, remission status, cumulative immunosuppression of anti-tumor treatment) and vaccination time.

Conventional chemotherapy can significantly impair the response of patients with multiple myeloma to vaccination.

Vaccination at the early stage of the disease (such as MGUS or SMM), before the start of treatment or when it reaches remission can get the best protection.

Lenalidomide monotherapy can improve the response of patients with multiple myeloma to vaccination, provided that dexamethasone is not given at the same time. At present, the immune response after receiving new drugs (such as monoclonal antibody, panobinostat and Cellini) has not been determined.

After autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, patients with multiple myeloma may lose immunity to the pathogens they were vaccinated against, and these patients should be vaccinated again 6-24 months after HSCT. The data show that it is safe and effective to inoculate recombinant herpes zoster vaccine after autologous HSCT. Therefore, it is recommended to inoculate recombinant herpes zoster vaccine after autologous HSCT (NCCN level 1).

It is suggested that the recombinant herpes zoster vaccine should be extended to all patients with multiple myeloma. It is suggested to continue to use varicella-zoster vaccine for prevention according to the indications, regardless of the vaccination status (NCCN 2b level).

It is suggested that patients with multiple myeloma should use passive immunization after being exposed to hepatitis A, chickenpox or measles (NCCN 2b).

It is suggested that close contacts of patients with multiple myeloma should be routinely vaccinated with inactivated vaccine, and patients should avoid close contact with live vaccine vaccinators as much as possible (NCCN 2A level).

Encourage the medical care and family members of patients with multiple myeloma to receive all designated immunization, especially seasonal influenza virus (NCCN 2A level).

Intravenous immunoglobulin is suitable for specific situations, such as life-threatening infection and IgG concentration below 400mg/dL with recurrent infection (NCCN 2A level).

For patients with multiple myeloma who go to infected epidemic areas, it is recommended to receive vaccines and antibacterial prevention at the destination, and consult infectious disease experts or medical institutions at the destination.

Risk factors of infection in patients with multiple myeloma

Disease factors

　 　 　 　Plasma cell diseases can increase the susceptibility of patients to viral and bacterial infections. The increased risk of infection in newly diagnosed patients with multiple myeloma is caused by the common global immune insufficiency paralysis in this patient, including the dysfunction of B cells in hypogammaglobulinemia, the destruction of global T cell diversity, and the significant changes in the functional activities of dendritic cells, natural killer cells and alternative complement pathways.

　 　 　 　Although rare at the time of seeing a doctor, neutropenia associated with bone marrow infiltration can also increase this risk. Of course, other related complications such as renal failure are also risk factors. The highest risk of infection is in the first 3 months after diagnosis and when treating recurrent or refractory multiple myeloma.

Therapeutic factors

Basic principles of treatment and infection of multiple myeloma

　 　 　 　The main therapeutic drugs for multiple myeloma are shown in Table 1. These treatments significantly improved the patient’s outcome, and transformed myeloma from a rapidly fatal disease to a chronic disease with multiple recurrences (usually successfully saved), but it also led to cumulative immunosuppression and increased risk of infection. For example, CD4 cell count drops sharply with the increase of chemotherapy cycle, which is closely related to opportunistic infection. Even so, the deep and lasting remission achieved by the combined regimen will generally lead to the reversal of immunosuppression and improvement of outcome.

　 　 　 　The immune status of patients with multiple myeloma is related to many factors, including the disease state and treatment stage (such as induction, remission vs first relapse vs relapse or refractory to multiple types and drugs), the degree of previous treatment (such as single drug vs multiline) and the intensity of treatment (such as triple induction vs autologous HSCT myeloablative regimen). In addition, continuous treatment can cause mild persistent immune suppression, which leads to an increase in the risk of infection. Immunomarkers can be used to determine whether there is cumulative immunosuppression.

glucocorticoid

　 　 　 　The cumulative dose of dexamethasone is an independent risk factor for infection, both during induction and at the time of recurrence. In addition, high-dose accumulation of glucocorticoids (for example, dexamethasone ≥40 mg/ day, 4 days per week) will increase the risk of opportunistic infections, including pneumocystis Yersinia.

Cytotoxic chemotherapy

　 　 　 　Conventional chemotherapy drugs, such as cyclophosphamide, etoposide, cisplatin, anthracyclines, melphalan and bendamustine, can enhance the susceptibility of patients with multiple myeloma to infection by inducing neutropenia, T cell dysfunction and mucosal damage.

Autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation

　 　 　 　High-dose melphalan combined with autologous HSCT (the standard treatment of multiple myeloma) can cause severe neutropenia and gastrointestinal mucositis, thus making patients susceptible to severe infections (mainly bacterial infections). Long-term T cell immune deficiency after implantation is rare, but it can increase the risk of virus infection and pneumocystis acquisition and reactivation.

Proteasome inhibitor

　 　 　 　Bortezomib can deplete T cells and impair viral antigen presentation, and the incidence of reactivation of varicella-zoster virus is relatively high in seropositive patients, so the preventive treatment of acyclovir is very important (NCCN grade 1). Caffezomib and Isazomib are also powerful immunosuppressants and have the same risk of viral infection. EMN guidelines recommend stopping antiviral preventive treatment 6 weeks after stopping PI. The authors suggest that the duration of prevention should be adjusted according to the immunosuppressive status of patients and whether other immunosuppressants (such as glucocorticoids or monoclonal antibodies) that increase the risk of varicella-zoster virus are given subsequently.

immunomodulator

　 　 　 　Lenalidomide and pomadomide can cause neutropenia, especially when combined with monoclonal antibodies. Granulocyte colony stimulating factor does not seem to reduce the risk of infection during lenalidomide treatment, but it can be used intermittently to fight chronic neutropenia. Thalidomide alone will not increase the risk of infection in patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma unless it is combined with other immunosuppressants (especially dexamethasone).

monoclonal antibody

　 　 　 　Monoclonal antibodies are associated with severe lymphopenia, pneumonia, reactivation of viral infection (especially varicella zoster virus) and opportunistic infection (especially in patients with intensive pretreatment). Clinical neutropenia may occur when monoclonal antibody is used in combination with lenalidomide or pomadumide, so the dosage needs to be adjusted. The neutropenia rate of CD38-targeted monoclonal antibody was higher than that of elotuzumab.

Selinexor in Cellini.

May lead to neutropenia-related infections.

New immune drugs

　 　 　 　Methods of targeting mature antigens of B cells, such as cell therapy (e.g. chimeric antigen receptor T cells), bispecific T cell adapters and antibody drug conjugates (e.g. belanatmab mafodotin), will all lead to immunosuppression because of targeting antibody-producing B cells and plasma cells. Therefore, patients with multiple myeloma who receive this treatment may need immunoglobulin replacement therapy. In addition, these treatments can lead to neutropenia and bone marrow suppression, and in some cases preventive use of antibiotics, antiviral coverage and antifungal coverage are needed.

Inhibition of bone resorption therapy

　 　 　 　Most patients with multiple myeloma will use anti-bone resorption therapy to prevent bone diseases. Rarely infected mandible and maxilla lead to jaw necrosis. Poor oral hygiene, poor denture fit, advanced periodontal disease and recent alveolar surgery are the risk factors. If infection occurs in the case of jaw necrosis, it is suggested to start using broad-spectrum antibiotics active against anaerobic bacteria, including actinomycetes spp46 and drug-resistant Bacteroides fragilis, such as clindamycin, carbapenems or β -lactamases or β -lactamase inhibitors. If the response to antibiotics is slow or unsatisfactory, or osteomyelitis is suspected, it is suggested to biopsy the lesion through staining and culture. Limited debridement may be required at this time; However, for refractory multiple myeloma, surgical resection should be reserve.

Kyphoplasty and vertebroplasty

　 　 　 　Vertebral kyphoplasty and vertebroplasty are generally well tolerated and are essential to control the pain associated with multiple myeloma of the vertebral body. In rare cases, spondylitis caused by Gram-positive bacteria (such as Staphylococcus aureus) can develop and evolve into paravertebral abscess. It is suggested that antibacterial prevention should be used 24 hours before operation and during operation when planning such operations for patients with high risk of infection.

Host factor

　 　 　 　Multiple myeloma mainly affects elderly patients with aging immune system (age ≥65 years old), whose antibody responses to pneumococcal and influenza vaccines are reduced, and the possibility of clinically significant complications is increased.

What factors can predict early and severe infection in MM patients?

　 　 　 　A considerable number of newly diagnosed patients with multiple myeloma will die prematurely before they can benefit from effective treatment, and the main reason is infection. Predictors of early and severe infection in newly diagnosed patients with multiple myeloma include high tumor load (ISS score II–III), abnormal increase of IDH, poor physical fitness and renal insufficiency.

　 　 　 　The prognosis model developed in 2018 divided patients into high-risk (infection rate was 24% during tertiary treatment) and low-risk (infection rate was 7%). In addition, men and high tumor load (ISS scores II-III and IDH increased) were risk factors for pneumonia, while high tumor load (ISS scores II-III) and increased serum creatinine concentration could independently predict the risk of sepsis.

Immune reconstruction after successful treatment

　 　 　 　Effective control of multiple myeloma can usually improve immunity. Immune reconstruction after autologous HSCT may provide an opportunity window for vaccination that may produce protective response.

Infection spectrum of patients with multiple myeloma

　 　 　 　With the introduction of new therapy, the types, severity and time of infection complications in patients with multiple myeloma have changed, and the complications mostly occur in the first few months of induction therapy and reach the peak in 4-6 months. The pathogens are mainly Gram-positive bacteria (such as coagulase-negative Staphylococcus, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Enterococcus faecalis) and Gram-negative bacteria (such as Haemophilus influenzae and Escherichia coli). In addition, tracheobronchitis and pneumonia caused by respiratory viruses (such as influenza and respiratory syncytial virus) are also common.

　 　 　 　Infection can reach its peak again during the treatment of recurrent diseases, so the immunity of patients with multiple myeloma is seriously damaged. In addition, the uncommon infections in patients with multiple myeloma include invasive pulmonary aspergillosis and viral infections, such as cytomegalovirus, hepatitis B virus (HBV) or hepatitis C virus (HCV) and parvovirus B19, and tuberculosis and other opportunistic infections are also rare.

Prevention and treatment strategies of multiple myeloma infection

　 　 　 　The key to reduce the burden of infection complications in patients with multiple myeloma is to carry out comprehensive staging in diagnosis and recurrence, so as to adjust individualized treatment strategies according to risks. Staging includes collecting clinical history (especially vaccination and past infection), checking physical health and evaluating the functional status of patients over 65 years old (that is, healthy, moderately healthy or weak).

　 　 　 　It is suggested to optimize the dose intensity in patients with high risk of severe infection (that is, high disease load or increased IDH) and clinically significant complications (especially renal insufficiency). In addition, it is suggested that the preventive strategies of immunosuppression state should be considered when using various previous treatment lines to treat recurrent patients, including vaccination against common pathogens (Table 2), paying attention to the time of vaccination (panel 2), and educating patients and nurses to take measures to reduce exposure to potential pathogen sources, including traveling (panel 3). In addition, it is suggested to carry out risk-adaptive antibacterial prevention in a small number of patients (Table 3), and consider immunoglobulin replacement and possible myeloid growth factor support. Careful monitoring during high immunosuppression therapy and after autologous HSCT may predict the risk and type of infection.

　

　

Panel 2: Vaccination Opportunity of Inactivated Vaccine for Multiple Myeloma Patients

MGUS, SMM or asymptomatic MM

These patients can respond to immunization.

Vaccination may be more effective for the following patients: MGUS with low concentration of M protein and SMM may need to be vaccinated repeatedly to be effective.

MM in need of treatment

MM status is related to insufficient immune response, and the precautions are as follows:

Inoculate as soon as possible

Vaccinate patients 14 days before starting treatment (preferred)

In partial remission (especially immune reconstruction)

Good remission is usually associated with immune reconstitution, with unaffected immunoglobulin returning to normal.

Inhibition of uninvolved immunoglobulin is a risk factor for insufficient response to repeated vaccination.

When the immunomodulator is used alone or in combination with proteasome inhibitor,

Immunomodulators alone or in combination with proteasome inhibitors are associated with increased possibility of serological response.

Maintenance therapy with a single immunomodulator (lenalidomide) can enhance immunity to some pathogens, but it will not enhance immunity when combined with dexamethasone.

Non-influenza respiratory tract infection in influenza season

Avoid immunization for the time being, because the response to the vaccine may not be sufficient, and the overall infection risk of patients with active multiple myeloma may increase.

During routine chemotherapy

Avoid vaccination until the disease is controlled, because the response of cancer patients may be insufficient, and the higher the load of multiple myeloma, the higher the risk of infection.

When high-dose myeloablative therapy combined with autologous HSCT

Avoid vaccination before autologous HSCT, because the response to the vaccine cannot be sufficient.

Patients were replanted 6-12 months after autologous HSCT, because patients would have severe humoral and cell-mediated immune deficiency after autologous HSCT, but the immune reconstruction was rapid.

The recovery of ?CD4 cell count is a marker of immune recovery.

Recurrent/Refractory Multiple Myeloma

Avoid immunization during active diseases, because the response to vaccines cannot be sufficient, especially in patients who have received several lines of treatment in the past.

Cumulative immunosuppression after extensive treatment can increase the net state of immunosuppression and the risk of severe infection.

The possibility of vaccine response decreases in descending order. There are no vaccine response data for monoclonal antibodies, Papi and Cellini.

　

Panel 3: Travel Notes for Patients with Multiple Myeloma

To evaluate the immune status, it is not recommended for patients with severe immune dysfunction to travel to potentially severe infection epidemic areas.

Update the patient’s immune status and verify the drug.

Patients are advised to use general protective measures, insect repellents, mosquito nets and protective clothing to minimize the risk of mosquito bite infection (such as malaria, dengue virus, Chikungunya fever, Zika virus and West Nile encephalitis) and ticks (such as Borrelia Lyme disease, tick-borne encephalitis and relapsing fever).

Provide relevant country-specific and region-specific vaccination according to the risk, including drugs against Neisseria meningitidis, hepatitis A virus and hepatitis B virus, and poliovirus.

Provide antibacterial prevention in specific countries and regions, including malaria and tuberculosis.

Provide antibiotics (such as fluoroquinolones or macrolides) that can be used for self-administration for persistent diarrhea with fever (> 48h), and actively encourage patients to seek medical treatment when the situation occurs.

Immunoglobulin seronegative and high-risk groups of hepatitis A virus infection should consider hepatitis A immunoglobulin, including those who go to areas where hepatitis A virus is prevalent.　

Educate patients and nursing staff as follows:

Understand specific risk areas, focusing on malaria and tuberculosis.

Avoid raw food, eat peelable fruits and vegetables, prevent travelers from diarrhea, and only drink bottled or boiled drinks.

Avoid bad cooking of meat

Avoid close contact or long-term contact with crowded tuberculosis patients and closed environments (such as hospitals or clinics); If you plan to travel, check for tuberculosis (skin or blood) before leaving and after returning home.

Avoid activities that increase the risk of fungal infection (such as digging) to prevent endemic fungal pneumonia.

Detection of infection

　 　 　 　Fever is regarded as the most important sign of infection in patients with multiple myeloma. Patients without fever should be highly suspicious, especially those receiving corticosteroids. It is suggested to obtain the vaccination history, past infection, virus serum status, disease status, recent treatment and related complications of patients to determine possible pathogenic pathogens, and of course, local epidemiology should also be considered.

　 　 　 　It is suggested that patients with febrile neutropenia and patients with infection should start empirical broad-spectrum antibiotic treatment when they are diagnosed and tested. In addition, it is suggested to choose drugs active against Streptococcus pneumoniae and Gram-negative pathogens, especially Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Antibacterials should be recommended according to clinical, imaging and microbiological results.

　 　 　 　Diagnostic tests of infection include complete blood cell count and classification, liver and kidney function examination, electrolyte examination and microscopic examination or culture of blood and other parts according to clinical indications. It is also recommended to obtain rapid pneumococcal antigen detection in urine, blood and cerebrospinal fluid samples when there are indications.

　 　 　 　For patients with respiratory manifestations, it is suggested to scan the chest and sinuses with CT, collect nasopharyngeal samples for respiratory pathogens detection, microscopic examination or culture of respiratory secretions, and detect Legionella urine antigen. For persistent fever with lung infiltration for more than 3-4 days, it is suggested to consider bronchoscopy combined with bronchoalveolar lavage or bronchial biopsy to determine conditional pathogens. Fungal infection markers, such as galactomannan and β-glucan, can be used when there are clinical indications.

　 　 　 　For abdominal symptoms and diarrhea, it is recommended to start using broad-spectrum antibiotics immediately. In addition, it is suggested that the infection of Clostridium difficile can be confirmed by stool samples. If it can be confirmed, it is suggested to add oral vancomycin because its activity is better than metronidazole. There is evidence that fidamycin is at least as effective as oral vancomycin for the confirmed Clostridium difficile infection, and may be related to the lower risk of recurrent infection, especially when it is used as extended pulse therapy for 25 days. Empirical treatment should be considered when severe colitis exists, especially when the infection index of Clostridium difficile is suspected to be high, until the diagnosis and detection results are obtained.

　 　 　 　It is suggested that the abdomen and pelvis should be scanned by CT to find severe focal signs and symptoms. According to local epidemiology, it is suggested to obtain PCR of fecal culture and intestinal pathogens, as well as other tests of intestinal parasites (such as Giardia and Cryptosporidium).

　 　 　 　If the fever persists and the cause is unknown, further diagnostic imaging examination is suggested to determine the existence, location and degree of infection. Once an infection cause is ruled out, other causes of fever diseases related to multiple myeloma should be considered, such as tumor fever, venous thromboembolism, adrenal insufficiency or implantation syndrome synchronized with bone marrow recovery after autologous HSCT. Other patients with stable clinical signs should consider non-infectious causes if their fever persists after the best exploration and antibacterial treatment. Tumor fever should be considered when the concentration of serum LDH and other markers of multiple myeloma in blood and urine increases abnormally. Fever associated with venous thromboembolism should be excluded by Doppler or ultrasound examination of limbs, ventilation or perfusion scanning or CT scanning, especially in patients at risk of venous thromboembolism, such as patients receiving immunomodulatory imide drugs or recombinant erythropoietin, patients with restraint (due to fracture or spinal cord compression) or patients with other known risk factors. Patients with fever of unknown origin should always consider drug-induced fever. Fever under the background of new immunization strategy may also be a symptom of cytokine release syndrome and should be treated appropriately.

Consider infection treatment according to the disease state and treatment period.

Newly diagnosed MM

　 　 　 　Because pneumococcus is a common pathogen when multiple myeloma is first diagnosed, it is suggested that pneumococcus vaccine should be inoculated as soon as possible (Table 2), and if there is fever or other infection, broad-spectrum antibacterial drugs active against pneumococcus should be given.

Induction treatment period of newly diagnosed MM

　 　 　 　A considerable proportion of newly diagnosed patients with multiple myeloma died in the first few months after diagnosis, mainly due to infection complications, so we should actively manage them by starting fast active drugs and treating complications related to multiple myeloma, such as renal failure. Levofloxacin can be considered for antibacterial prevention in the first 3 months of treatment, especially in patients with high risk of early infection, although its benefits are still unknown under the current triple and quadruple treatment strategies (NCCN 2A level). The benefits of using fluoroquinolones (such as levofloxacin) should be weighed, because these drugs are rarely associated with tendinopathy with rupture, especially Achilles tendon. The risk factors of tendinopathy include old age (> 60 years old), concomitant use of corticosteroids and renal insufficiency. Table 3 lists other antibacterial prevention suggestions according to disease stages and anti-tumor treatment types. The use of quinolones should be considered according to the degree and duration of neutropenia.

Autologous HSCT consolidation period

　 　 　 　Multiple myeloma patients with autologous HSCT are at risk of serious infection (mainly bacterial infection), so it is suggested to use antibacterial drugs to prevent it, and the immune deficiency after autologous HSCT may lead to clinically significant infection. It is recommended to monitor infection and prevent pneumocystis carinii for 3 months and prevent herpes simplex virus or varicella zoster virus for 1 year (NCCN 2A level) according to global guidelines. Antibacterial prevention is not a routine practice in all transplant centers around the world. Although its use reduces the incidence of fever and bloodstream infection, it does not translate into a reduction in mortality. Antibacterial prevention also needs to consider the risk of drug resistance.

Maintenance treatment period

Severe infection during maintenance treatment is mainly due to neutropenia, but the risk is low and the mortality rate is lower than 1%.

Treatment period of recurrent MM

　 　 　 　Patients with recurrent and refractory myeloma are at high risk of life-threatening broad-spectrum pathogen infection, including bacterial and viral infections (such as herpes simplex virus or varicella-zoster virus, cytomegalovirus, HBV and HCV). Fungal pneumonia, including invasive pulmonary aspergillosis and pneumocystis, may also occur.

Infection screening

　 　 　 　For relapsed/refractory MM with positive cytomegalovirus serum reaction, it is suggested to detect HBV (cytomegalovirus antigenemia or quantitative PCR) or circulating HBV DNA(NCCN 2B grade) before starting treatment. Patients with high suspicion suggest that serum Aspergillus galactomannan antigen should be tested before symptoms appear to detect invasive pulmonary aspergillosis. The effect of serum (1,3)-β-D- glucan on invasive pulmonary aspergillosis is not clear, but it may be a useful auxiliary means to diagnose pneumocystis disease.

　 　 　 　According to the patient’s serum status, HBV reactivation can lead to severe complications and death in patients with multiple myeloma, and usually occurs after autologous HSCT. In addition, HBV reactivation was rarely observed after treatment with CD38-targeted monoclonal antibody. It is suggested that patients should be managed according to their HBV serum status and the type and duration of immunosuppressive therapy (Table 3). It is suggested that antiviral prevention should be used for patients with HBV reactivation or high risk of disease, or early preemptive treatment should be used for patients with low risk. Only in the presence of clinically relevant diseases (such as cytopenia and cytomegalovirus diseases) can cytomegalovirus disease be treated.

　 　 　 　The effect of chronic HCV on the course of multiple myeloma is not very clear, but it is known that it will be reactivated after chemotherapy, and it may be necessary to reduce or stop taking drugs, but acute liver failure or death is not the outcome of chronic HCV infection. It is suggested that HCV serum status should be evaluated when multiple myeloma is diagnosed, and interferon α-free treatment schemes, such as direct antiviral drugs (such as sofebuvir, cimetivir and redipavir), should be used during the whole treatment period, and serum alanine aminotransferase and HCV viral load should be closely monitored.

Before stem cell mobilization, it is very important to monitor HCV viral load and treat infection. Chronic HCV infection may cause three-line hemocytopenia and lead to poor mobilization. Cancer patients may rarely lose HCV seropositivity, so it is suggested to measure HCV viral load when the patient’s serum status is unknown. It is recommended to seek help from infectious disease experts in complex situations.

vaccine

General principle of multiple myeloma vaccine

　 　 　 　Although the response to vaccination is usually very small, partial protection may still reduce the infection rate and hospitalization rate, but it should also be noted that the duration of benefit is unknown and may vary with vaccination time. Although the safety of most vaccines has not been tested in patients with multiple myeloma, inactivated vaccines such as influenza and pneumococcal vaccines are safe. Patients with multiple myeloma strongly recommend vaccination against Streptococcus pneumoniae and seasonal influenza virus, as well as vaccines necessary for local epidemiology (such as HBV). Splenectomy patients are also vaccinated against Haemophilus influenzae.

　 　 　 　It is suggested that patients with multiple myeloma should be vaccinated with pneumococcal vaccine, including one dose of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) and another dose of polysaccharide vaccine (PPS V23) at least 8 weeks later. If the patient has been vaccinated with PPSV23 before, it is recommended to be vaccinated with PCV13(NCCN 2A grade; Table 2). The protective titer of pneumococcus is unknown, which may vary according to serotype. If a breakthrough pneumococcal infection occurs after vaccination, it is suggested to try to identify the serotype of the strain to report the non-response to the vaccine (if possible). The purpose of serotype identification is to determine whether this serotype is included in the PCV13 vaccine-for example, patients vaccinated with PCV7 or PCV10. In this case, consider vaccination with PCV13 vaccine.

　 　 　 　Because the antibody response of pneumococcal vaccine may not be ideal, it may be useful to prolong antibiotic prevention in patients with recurrent pneumococcal infection and patients with invasive pneumococcal disease. Although penicillin G is the standard treatment, antibiotics based on strain sensitivity and local drug resistance patterns that have caused invasive pneumococcal diseases in the past can be used. Fluoroquinolones (such as levofloxacin), azithromycin or second-generation penicillin or cephalosporin are reasonable substitutes (NCCN 2B grade). (panel 1)。

　 　 　 　Vaccination against seasonal influenza virus is necessary because cancer patients are at increased risk of infection and death. It is suggested that patients with multiple myeloma be vaccinated with two doses of inactivated tetravalent influenza vaccine instead of standard vaccine, regardless of age (NCCN 2A level). The initial dose should be given as early as possible in the flu season, and the second high-dose booster vaccination should be carried out one month later. For patients with inactivated influenza vaccine in serious adverse events, two doses of recombination vaccines can be considered.

　 　 　 　It is generally recommended to vaccinate against HBV, especially for patients with high risk of virus infection (NCCN 2A level). Other potentially useful vaccines for patients with multiple myeloma include vaccines against Neisseria meningitidis, tetanus, diphtheria and pertussis, and inactivated poliovirus vaccines.

　 　 　 　Because of the increased risk of reactivation of varicella-zoster virus during the treatment of multiple myeloma, vaccination should be considered to reduce the risk of infection and post-herpetic neuralgia. It is suggested that patients with multiple myeloma should be vaccinated with recombinant herpes zoster vaccine instead of live herpes zoster vaccine, because it is safe (that is, non-live vaccine) and can provide higher and longer-lasting prevention of herpes zoster, thus preventing post-herpetic neuralgia (NCCN grade 1). However, even after vaccination, patients treated with proteasome inhibitors or CD38-targeted monoclonal antibodies should continue to receive acyclovir preventive treatment, because the degree of protection provided by vaccination is difficult to assess (NCCN 2A level). Specifically, patients with multiple myeloma have different immune responses and are highly dependent on their immune status, so they cannot be prevented by vaccination alone. For patients who have been vaccinated with live herpes zoster vaccine in the past, it is recommended to vaccinate with 2 doses of recombinant herpes zoster vaccine at least 8 weeks after vaccination.

　 　 　 　Generally speaking, due to the lack of safety or efficacy data, live vaccines are not recommended for patients with multiple myeloma. For patients with MGUS and SMM, considering their relatively healthy immune system, we can consider vaccination with live vaccine. Measles, mumps and rubella vaccines and live herpes zoster vaccine have been used after HSCT. If patients are in remission, they can be considered for use under certain circumstances.

Vaccination of non-immune close contacts

　 　 　 　Patients with multiple myeloma, especially those receiving treatment, may not be able to produce immune response to pathogens, and close contacts vaccinated with inactivated vaccine may also provide group immunity for patients. Therefore, according to vaccination history, age and exposure history, it is suggested that non-immune close contacts should be vaccinated with vaccines that are usually suitable for individuals with normal immune function, and it should be emphasized that inactivated vaccines (NCCN 2A level) should be used. Encourage the medical care and family members of patients with multiple myeloma to receive all designated immunization, especially seasonal influenza virus immunization.

Immunoglobulin substitution

　 　 　 　Immunoglobulin replacement can be administered intravenously, subcutaneously or intramuscularly. Intravenous immunoglobulin is recommended for patients with plateau multiple myeloma who have hypogammaglobulinemia and recurrent bacterial infection and have no response to pneumococcal immunization. However, immunoglobulin substitution supports the scarcity of contemporary data, high cost, limited availability and the possibility of complications (including acute renal failure and cardiovascular events). It is suggested that replacement therapy should be limited to patients with serum IgG concentration below 400 mg/dL and severe and recurrent infection caused by capsular bacteria (or other pathogens reasonably thought to be caused by hypogammaglobulinemia), even with antibacterial prevention and immunization (NCCN 2A level).

　 　 　 　Another potential consideration includes patients with insufficient antibody production, especially pneumococcal vaccine. Using immunoglobulin replacement therapy can only benefit patients infected with pathogens, which may respond according to the specific antibody titer against the target pathogen in intravenous immunoglobulin preparation; For example, it is used for infection caused by severe parvovirus B19 in patients with multiple myeloma.

　 　 　 　When planning to use intravenous immunoglobulin, it is necessary to evaluate the patient’s immune status and infection history (especially recurrent infection), and carry out laboratory examination of immune parameters (including specific antibody response) to determine the patients who can benefit from early intravenous immunoglobulin intervention.

　 　 　 　Immunoglobulin infusion is usually well tolerated, and most reactions are frequency dependent. But serious complications may also occur, including acute renal failure and rare cardiovascular events (such as myocardial infarction, stroke or venous thromboembolism). It is suggested to give standard preoperative medication to reduce the severity of infusion-related reactions, and to replenish water before infusion, especially in patients with hyperviscosity, risk factors of renal complications and receiving sucrose-containing preparations. It is suggested that intravenous immunoglobulin therapy should be started at a slow rate of 0.01 mL/kg/min and gradually increased to a maximum rate of 0.08 mL/kg/min according to the tolerance. If the serum IgA concentration cannot be detected, it is recommended to use intravenous immunoglobulin to remove IgA.

Post-exposure prevention of immunosuppressed MM patients

　 　 　 　 Immunoglobulin prevention may have protective effect on patients with multiple myeloma who are immunosuppressed after exposure to chickenpox, herpes zoster and hepatitis A (NCCN 2B grade). Serious diseases after exposure to herpes zoster, especially chickenpox, are very high, so it is very important to determine the risk level. The infectious stage begins 1-2 days before the rash occurs, so patients can appear several days after exposure. Except the recipients of autologous HSCT, all immunocompromised patients with a history of chickenpox infection can be considered immune. For patients with no history of varicella infection, risk assessment includes determining the susceptibility and exposure duration of patients. Risk factors include recent use of proteasome inhibitors, previous vaccination against varicella, severe immunosuppression, and close face-to-face or indoor contact for more than 1 hour. Post-exposure prevention depends on varicella-zoster immunoglobulin, ideally within 96 hours after exposure, but the benefit can be extended to 10 days. If immunoglobulin of varicella-zoster is not easily available, it is recommended to use acyclovir after exposure. The typical incubation period of chickenpox is 14-16 days. However, since the immunoglobulin of varicella zoster may prolong the incubation period, it is recommended to monitor the evidence of varicella for up to 28 days after exposure in the recipients of this therapy.

　 　 　 　For patients with multiple myeloma who travel to areas where hepatitis A virus is prevalent, it is recommended to give 0.02 mL/kg of hepatitis A immunoglobulin within 2 weeks of travel, and give the initial dose of hepatitis A vaccine. It is recommended to give a dose of hepatitis A immunoglobulin to patients with known exposure.

　 　 　 　For patients who have not been vaccinated against HBV or whose anti-HBV titer is less than 10 IU/L after vaccination, it is suggested to use tenofovir or entecavir for prevention to avoid the need for HBV immunoglobulin.

　 　 　 　Patients may occasionally need tetanus immunoglobulin 138 or human rabies immunoglobulin 139 after specific high-risk exposure. For patients at risk of respiratory syncytial virus infection in virus season, it is not recommended to use intravenous immunoglobulin or palizumab, that is, humanized monoclonal antibody against respiratory syncytial virus F glycoprotein.

Myeloid growth factor

　 　 　 　Prophylactic granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor (granulocyte colony stimulating factor is better) is recommended for patients without fever, and the risk of fever and neutropenia in these patients is at least 20%(NCCN 2A grade). The decision on whether to use granulocyte colony stimulating factor to prevent treatment delay (such as treatment delay related to lenalidomide) should be considered individually. Chronic neutropenia occasionally needs the support of growth factors.

references

1. Jessica Caro, Marc Braunstein, Louis Williams, et al. Inflammation and infection in plasma cell disorders: how pathogens shape the fate of patients. Leukemia . 2022 Feb 2. doi: 10.1038/s41375-021-01506-9.

2. Noopur S Raje, Elias Anaissie,Shaji K Kumar, et al.Consensus guidelines and recommendations for infection prevention in multiple myeloma: a report from the International Myeloma Working Group. Lancet Haematol . 2022 Feb; 9(2):e143-e161. doi: 10.1016/S2352-3026(21)00283-0

　　On September 26th, Luoyang City, Henan Province, the 8th large and medium-sized cities jointly recruited college graduates (autumn). The Luoyang special session of Henan Station roving job fair was held in Henan University of Science and Technology, and job seekers were looking for jobs on the spot. It is reported that this is the largest on-site job fair held in Luoyang this year. Photo courtesy of vision china

　　Employment and epidemic situation make our social pressure intertwined, and all walks of life pay unprecedented attention to the employment of college graduates under the impact of epidemic situation. Before and after the epidemic, did the college graduates’ employment expectation place, employment expectation salary, employment expectation unit nature, employment expectation industry and employment expectation occupation category change?

　　The research group of "Comprehensive Investigation on the Employment Situation of College Graduates in China during the Epidemic Period" led by the author, the key research base of humanities and social sciences of the Ministry of Education, tried to answer the above questions.

　　The research group cooperated with Changsha Yunyan Technology Co., Ltd. and Beijing Xinjincheng Data Technology Co., Ltd. in the important graduation season of college graduates — — From April to June, 2020, a random sampling survey was conducted among college graduates from 34 provincial administrative regions in China. A total of 13,767 students were collected and 13,738 were valid. This survey includes the age group of 18 to 50 years old, and 87% of the sample size is concentrated in the age group of 21-24 years old. There are 1660 college graduates, 11395 undergraduate graduates, and 683 graduate students with master’s degree or above respectively. The universities where the sample data of fresh graduates are located include first-class universities (2.10%), first-class universities with various disciplines (2.30%), national key universities (2.50%), provincial key universities (19.00%), ordinary undergraduate universities (68.90%) and higher vocational colleges (5.10%).

　　The focus of employment has generally shifted to second-tier cities as the most potential winners.

　　Generally speaking, there is little difference in the ideal employment expectation of college graduates in China before and after the COVID-19 epidemic, but the internal structure fluctuates greatly, and the focus of employment expectation moves down slightly. Before the epidemic, the proportion of employment expectations was second-tier cities (31.42%), new first-tier cities (29.15%), prefecture-level cities (18.07%), first-tier cities (14.11%), county towns (5.67%), towns (1.09%) and villages (0.20%). After the epidemic, the selection proportion of employment expectation is second-tier cities (32.13%), new first-tier cities (28.39%), prefecture-level cities (19.66%), first-tier cities (11.56%), county towns (6.50%), towns (1.09%) and villages (0.17%).

　　Before and after the epidemic, the proportion of choosing second-tier cities, prefecture-level cities and county towns as ideal employment expectation places increased slightly, and the rising proportion was prefecture-level cities, county towns and second-tier cities from high to low. The proportion of first-tier cities, new first-tier cities and villages declined slightly, while the proportion of villages and towns was flat. It can be seen that before and after the epidemic, the focus of employment expectation of college graduates in China shifted slightly, and the ratio of outflow and inflow of employment expectation was relatively highest in first-tier cities and prefecture-level cities.

　　The research group further studied the internal changes of employment expectation choices of college graduates, and found that the consistent choices of employment expectation before and after the epidemic were: second-tier cities, prefecture-level cities, new first-tier cities, county towns, first-tier cities, towns and villages. Among them, the relatively highest change rate is the fresh graduates who chose villages before the epidemic, and 65.22% of them changed after the epidemic. Among those who changed, 46.67% chose second-tier cities and 20.00% chose county towns. Secondly, fresh graduates from Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan were selected before the epidemic, and 37.50% of them chose new first-tier cities after the epidemic.

　　Among the cities with employment expectation above prefecture level, the change rate from high to low is first-tier cities, new first-tier cities, prefecture-level cities and second-tier cities, among which the first-tier cities have the highest flow, the new first-tier cities have the highest flow, the second-tier cities have the highest flow, the second-tier cities have the highest flow, and the prefecture-level cities have the highest flow, and the second-tier cities and counties have the highest flow.

　　Generally speaking, second-tier cities are the employment expectation places with the smallest fluctuation, the strongest stability, the least outflow and the relatively high inflow willingness among the employment expectation choices of college graduates before and after the epidemic. It can be seen that the epidemic has shifted the overall employment focus of college graduates, and at the same time, second-tier cities have become the most potential winners in the fluctuation of college graduates’ desire to choose employment places.

　　The expected salary of employment has not changed much, and more than 80% is concentrated in 3001-8000 yuan.

　　Before the epidemic, the expected salary of college graduates in China was 1,000-3,000 yuan, 3,001-5,000 yuan, 5,001-8,000 yuan, 8,001-10,000 yuan, 10,001-15,000 yuan and 15,000 yuan, and the proportions were 4.48%, 40.11% and 41.77% respectively. It can be seen that there is little difference in the overall change of expected salary, and more than 80% of fresh graduates expect salary between 3001-8000 yuan.

　　The research group conducted a study on the internal structural changes in the choice of employment expectation salary for college graduates, and found that the stability of employment expectation salary for graduates before and after the epidemic was more than 15,000 yuan (90.37%), 3,001-5,000 yuan (82.05%), 5,001-8,000 yuan (75.76%) and 8,001-10,000 yuan (61. The proportion of graduates who expected to earn more than 15,000 yuan before the epidemic was the most stable, and the consistency reached more than 90%. Nearly 40% of the graduates whose expected salary before the epidemic was 8,001-15,000 yuan and 1,000-3,000 yuan changed after the epidemic, with the highest change ratio and the worst stability. Among them, the most concentrated fluctuation range is the graduates whose expected salary is 1,000-3,000 yuan. Although 38.79% of the graduates in this group chose another salary after the epidemic, as high as 83.42% of the other candidates chose 3,001-5,000 yuan, with the highest degree of concentration.

　　More than 80% of the fresh graduates’ expected salary is 3,001-8,000 yuan, so it is necessary to focus on the fluctuation of expected salary before and after the epidemic in this range. The research of the research group found that, except the graduates whose expected salary before the epidemic was 3,001-5,000 yuan, the expected salary after the epidemic was 3,001-5,000 yuan, and the expected salary before the epidemic was 1,000-3,000 yuan (32.36%), 5,001-8,000 yuan (17.45%) and 10,000 yuan in descending order. Graduates from other groups with expected employment salary of 5,001-8,000 yuan are selected, and the expected employment salary before the epidemic is 8,001-10,000 yuan (28.18%), 3,001-5,000 yuan (13.23%), 1,000-3,000 yuan (3.31%) and 10,001-10 in descending order.

　　Similarly, graduates from other groups with expected employment salary of 1,000-3,000 yuan after the epidemic were selected, and the expected employment salary before the epidemic was 3,001-5,000 yuan (3.72%), more than 15,000 yuan (1.38%), 5,001-8,000 yuan (0.23%) and 8,001-10,000 yuan in descending order. After the epidemic, the expected salary of other groups of graduates is 8,001-10,000 yuan. From high to low, the expected salary before the epidemic is 10,001-15,000 yuan (24.21%), 5,001-8,000 yuan (5.81%), 15,000 yuan (2.29%) and 1,000-3,000 yuan. After the epidemic, the expected salary for employment was selected as 10,001-15,000 yuan for other graduates. From high to low, the expected salary for employment before the epidemic was 8,001-10,000 yuan (7.23%), more than 15,000 yuan (3.67%), 1,000-3,000 yuan (0.78%) and 5,001-8,000 yuan. After the epidemic, graduates from other groups with expected salary of more than 15,000 were selected. From high to low, the expected salary before the epidemic was 10,001-15,000 yuan (10.32%) and 8,001-10,000 yuan.(1.65%), 1,000-3,000 yuan (1.36%), 5,001-8,000 yuan (0.29%) and 3,001-5,000 yuan (0.15%).

　　The expected salary of college graduates before and after the epidemic remained relatively stable, but it still showed obvious intermediate agglomeration effect of expected salary after the epidemic. Among the graduates with expected salary changes before and after the epidemic, with 5,000 yuan as the boundary, graduates with employment expectation salary below 5,000 yuan before the epidemic mainly increased to 5,000 yuan after the epidemic, while graduates with employment expectation salary above 5,000 yuan before the epidemic mainly decreased to 5,000 yuan after the epidemic.

　　The change of unit is "rational", and the change of "kinship" is the main one.

　　Before the epidemic, the proportion of the nature selection of the employment expectation units of college graduates in China was from high to low: state-owned enterprises (22.24%), junior high school education units (18.44%), medical and health units (13.17%), party and government organs (9.35%), private enterprises (9.21%), other institutions (8.50%) and higher education units (8.50%). Wholly foreign-owned enterprises, 4.90%), scientific research and design units (4.18%), urban communities (0.72%), troops (0.59%) and rural villages (0.33%). After the epidemic, the selection ratio from high to low is state-owned enterprises (21.61%), junior high school education units (18.90%), medical and health units (13.21%), party and government organs (9.84%), private enterprises (9.34%), other institutions (8.92%) and higher education units (7.87%).

　　On the whole, before and after the epidemic, the expected employment units of college graduates were stable and consistent. The proportion of graduates who expected employment units were state-owned enterprises, higher education units, foreign-funded enterprises and scientific research and design units decreased slightly, while the proportion of graduates who expected employment units were junior education units, medical and health units, party and government organs, private enterprises, other institutions, urban communities, troops and rural villages increased slightly, but the change was not significant.

　　Looking through the internal structure of the nature selection of employment expectation units for fresh graduates before and after the epidemic, the research group found that the stability of the nature of employment expectation units is medical and health units, middle and early education units, party and government organs, state-owned enterprises, higher education units, other institutions, private enterprises, scientific research and design units, foreign-funded enterprises, urban communities, troops and rural villages in turn. Among them, before and after the epidemic, the stability of the employment expectation unit of fresh graduates was the worst in rural villages. After the epidemic, 65.79% of the graduates chose another employment expectation unit, and the main flows were urban communities, state-owned enterprises, party and government organs, and junior high school education units. 42.65% of the graduates who expected to choose the army before the epidemic mainly flowed to the party and government organs, middle and early education units, state-owned enterprises and higher education units from high to low after the epidemic.

　　Generally speaking, the changes in the nature of employment expectation units of college graduates before and after the epidemic show the characteristics of "rationalization", and the changes are mainly based on the changes in the nature of "kinship". For example, 25.63% graduates chose state-owned enterprises as the expected employment units before the epidemic, and the changes in the nature of expected units mainly flowed to private enterprises; Before the epidemic, 33.27% chose private enterprises as graduates of expected employment units, and the nature of the expected units changed mainly to state-owned enterprises; Before the epidemic, 12.40% of the graduates were selected from junior high school education units as expected employment units, and the nature of the expected units changed mainly to other institutions and higher education units; Before the epidemic, 28.75% of the graduates chose higher education units as expected employment units, and the nature of the expected units changed mainly to middle and junior education units.

　　Education, health and social work have the smallest fluctuations, and the stability of real estate, accommodation and catering industry is at the bottom.

　　Before the epidemic, the proportion of employment expectations of college graduates in China was education (32.48%). Health and social work (13.14%); Financial industry (8.88%), information transmission, software and information technology services (8.15%); Culture, sports and entertainment (7.04%); Manufacturing (5.67%); Public management, social security and social organizations (4.87%); Scientific research and technical services (2.97%); Electricity, heat, gas and water production and supply industries (2.84%); Agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery (2.39%); Construction industry (2.17%); Wholesale and retail (1.90%); Transportation, warehousing and postal services (1.61%); Accommodation and catering industry (1.47%); Water conservancy, environment and public facilities management (1.13%); Real estate (0.79%); Leasing and business services (0.71%); Army (0.69%); Residential services, construction and other services (0.48%); Mining industry (0.35%); International organizations (0.27%).

　　Education (33.23%) ranked from high to low after the epidemic. Health and social work (13.42%); Information transmission, software and information technology services (8.11%); Financial industry (7.85%); Culture, sports and entertainment (6.36%); Public management, social security and social organizations (5.72%); Manufacturing (5.59%); Electricity, heat, gas and water production and supply industries (3.02%); Scientific research and technical services (2.81%); Agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery (2.37%); Construction industry (2.02%); Wholesale and retail (1.87%); Transportation, warehousing and postal services (1.56%); Accommodation and catering industry (1.23%); Water conservancy, environment and public facilities management (1.13%); Army (0.91%); Real estate (0.74%); Leasing and business services (0.67%); Mining industry (0.55%); Residential services, construction and other services (0.54%); International organizations (0.31%).

　　Generally speaking, there is little change before and after the epidemic. Education, health and social work, information transmission, software and information technology services, financial industry, culture, sports and entertainment are the top five most popular employment expectations for college graduates. Leasing and business services, mining, residents’ services, construction and other services, and international organizations are the last four career choices for college graduates.

　　The research group analyzed the internal structure of the choice of employment expectation industries for college graduates in China before and after the epidemic, and found that the stability of employment expectation industries from high to low is: health and social work, education, information transmission, software and information technology services, manufacturing, finance, electricity, heat, gas and water production and supply, public management, social security and social organizations, water conservancy, environment and public facilities management, culture, sports and entertainment, and construction. Scientific research and technical services, transportation, warehousing and postal services, agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry, fishery, military, international organizations, residential services, repairs and other services, wholesale and retail, mining, leasing and business services, accommodation and catering, real estate.

　　Before and after the epidemic, employment expectations were relatively poor in real estate, accommodation and catering, and leasing and business services. After the epidemic, graduates chose education, finance, information transmission, software and information technology services, and the proportion was relatively higher. The education, health and social work industries have become the industries with the least fluctuation, the strongest stability and the least outflow before and after the epidemic, but with the highest inflow willingness.

　　Marketing type jobs have the worst stability, and functional type jobs are the most popular.

　　Before the epidemic, the proportion of career categories that fresh graduates expected from high to low was functional positions (such as administration, personnel and finance, 37.53%), other positions (17.56%), technical research and development positions (such as R&D engineers and testing, 15.32%), management positions (9.95%) and operation planning positions (such as operations, products and operations) The post-epidemic situation is completely consistent with that before the epidemic situation, and the selection ratio from high to low is functional posts (37.65%), other posts (18.08%), technology research and development posts (14.67%), management posts (9.79%), operation planning posts (8.40%), service posts (3.53%) and production operation posts.

　　Among the job categories expected by graduates after the epidemic, the selection proportion of functional posts, other types of posts, marketing posts, service posts and production operation posts increased slightly, while the selection proportion of technology research and development posts, management posts and operation planning posts decreased slightly, but the change was still not significant.

　　Before and after the epidemic, the stability of employment expectations of college graduates from high to low is: other types of jobs, functional types of jobs, technology research and development jobs, operation planning jobs, management types of jobs, service types of jobs, production operation jobs, marketing types of jobs. Among them, the stability of marketing jobs is the worst, with 42.96% of graduates who chose this job before the epidemic, and the expected jobs selected after the epidemic are mainly functional jobs, technology research and development jobs, operation planning jobs and management jobs from high to low. Functional jobs are the most popular occupational category for fresh graduates before and after the epidemic, and the absolute number of job category choices, stability and inflow attraction rate for graduates after the epidemic are the highest.

　　(The author is a professor at Northeast Normal University and a top-notch young talent in the National Ten Thousand Talents Program.)

　　[Global News reporter Zhu Mengying] A number of foreign media just reported that the Elysee Palace announced on the 3rd that Prime Minister Philippe and his government had resigned collectively, and President Macron accepted his resignation request.

　　Agence France-Presse said that the brief statement of the Elysee Palace did not give reasons for resignation, but said that the current government will continue to handle "daily affairs" until a new government is formed.

　　The report mentioned that it was widely expected that the French cabinet would be reorganized after Macron vowed to improve the policy in the last two years of his term. In addition, Philip is currently running for mayor of le havre.

　　Caste is a slightly taboo topic in India. If you talk to Indians about the topic of caste, many people will reply that the caste system has died, but some Indian scholars believe that the caste system can be said to be the core of Indian society to some extent. Today, Indians’ identity cards do not indicate their caste class, but in life, Indians have a set of "skills" to distinguish caste.

　　It’s not reliable to judge a person by his appearance.

　　There are four castes in India: Brahman, Khrushchev, Vedas and sudra, which are arranged from high to low, and some people’s castes belong to the untouchable class, which is called Da Park Jung Su. Tracing back to the source, castes were originally distinguished according to people’s skin color and occupation, and the whiter ones were the superior Aryans, which were high castes; Dark-skinned people are generally inferior or Dravidian, belonging to low caste. The priests and monks are Brahmins, the kings and warriors are Khrushchev, the merchants and craftsmen are Vedas, the peasants and laborers who serve the above three classes are sudra, and da Park Jung Su is engaged in dealing with unclean things such as feces and corpses. However, this was thousands of years ago. With the development and change of society, the division of labor has become more detailed, the migration of people has become more frequent, and the intermarriage between castes has gradually increased, resulting in thousands of sub-castes, such as grazing caste, brewing caste, oil-extracting caste and so on.

　　Nowadays, it is not reliable to judge the caste of Indians only by their skin color or occupation. For example, Modi, the current Prime Minister of India, is relatively fair-skinned among Indians, and he is the head of state. How can he be a Brahman or a Khrushchev class? Wrong! Modi was born in the sub-caste of "Ganqi" in Gujarat, and was an absolute low-caste disadvantaged group. There is a famous Indian singer named Hans Raj Hans. He has a charming long curly hair with a slight golden color, and his skin is as white as that of a European. However, he is a da Park Jung Su.

　　The shoe in hand is Da Park Jung Su.

　　In terms of diet, generally speaking, high-caste people are more vegetarians, while low-caste people are more non-vegetarians. Wealthy Brahmins generally don’t eat and drink. Their diet tends to be light and fresh, and they like to eat fresh fruits and vegetables and grain at that time. The reporter once had lunch with the president of a famous university in India. This meal left a deep impression on the reporter, because it was completely different from the printed meal in the restaurant outside. The meal provided by this Brahmin family was very light and healthy, and even the curry tasted fresh rather than spicy, which can be said to be very in line with the standards of healthy meals in China. On the contrary, some poor families in Da Park Jung Su have a small amount of food and a heavy taste for economic reasons. In addition, among the people who drink alcohol in India, there are more people of low caste, which is probably related to their high-intensity manual labor and more social pressure.

　　In modern cities, it is difficult to distinguish Brahmins from Da Park Jung Su simply by their clothes. In some remote and backward villages or in the past, Da Park Jung Su was still discriminated against in dress. For example, da Park Jung Su was asked to carry a bag with him when he went out in ancient times. The purpose of this bag was to hold their own excrement, for fear that their excrement would pollute the land in the village. In addition, when Da Park Jung Su traveled during the day, he had to ring the bell in advance to remind people to avoid it, because according to the canon, even if people of high caste didn’t touch Da Park Jung Su, just seeing them was also a kind of pollution. Therefore, da Park Jung Su tends to wrap himself more in clothes and expose his face and body as little as possible.

　　Even today, in some villages, if you see someone walking or riding a bike with their shoes in their hands instead of on their feet, it must be Da Park Jung Su. Because according to the regulations, da Park Jung Su must be barefoot and not wear shoes when passing through the residential area of high caste people.

　　From people’s demeanor, we can also see the clues of some caste classes. People with high castes are generally more confident and will look you straight in the eye when they meet; Da Park Jung Su tends to feel inferior and shy, and his eyes twinkle and he looks around or stares at the ground. Take taking photos, for example. The reporter found that most Indians he met liked you to take photos of him/her. What impressed me deeply was that once when taking pictures in the park, some girls were very cheerful and generous, posing in various poses for you to take enough pictures; A woman hiding in a corner in shabby clothes pulled up her scarf to cover her face when the camera was aimed at her.

　　From people’s language and speech, we can’t absolutely tell the caste level, but there is also a problem of probability. People of high caste have a higher chance of receiving a good education and often speak fluent English; However, few people in Park Jung Su have the opportunity to receive a good education. Most of them can’t speak English and can only communicate in the local language.

　　"anonymity" dilutes caste traces

　　It is generally believed that the caste system is based on the teachings of Hinduism and exists only among Hindus who account for more than 80% of India’s population, including many Indians. However, after investigation, the reporter found that the caste system has penetrated into every corner of Indian society for thousands of years. Among Sikhs, Muslims and even Catholics in India, although their teachings advocate equality for all, caste differences and even caste discrimination still exist. An Indian Muslim answered this question very cleverly, saying that "Islam has no caste, but Indian Muslims do".

　　Generally speaking, knowing an Indian’s surname plus some other factors such as occupation, appearance, accent, etc., can basically judge his caste. However, it is not safe to infer caste from surnames. In India, there are also special cases in which Hindus with lower castes convert to other religions and even change their surnames. In the workplace, people will consciously dilute the traces of caste. Some people with relatively low castes like to take some small measures of "anonymity", such as calling themselves "Kumar". The reporter once called the Indian Ministry of Foreign Affairs to find a staff member Kumar. Laughter came from the other end of the phone and said, "There are more than a dozen Kumar in our office. Who do you want?"

　　Organizers have served their sentences in China, and participants intend to apply for "asylum"

　　"Demolition", when the red Chinese character appeared in front of China’s embassies in the United States and Canada in July this year, attracted attention from all walks of life. The so-called "Operation Sparrow" based in Washington is considered as the main planner of these events. Who are the members of this organization? What do they want to achieve by expressing their dissatisfaction? The Global Times reporter recently interviewed the organizers and participants of Operation Sparrow and many Chinese in the United States and Canada, and found that there were only a few main organizations and participants. This "anti-demolition" action overseas is a way for them to prove their existence and attract attention. Meng Xuan, an American Chinese critic, told the Global Times that the purpose of some people’s "suing foreign countries" in the United States is not to solve the problem, but to accumulate capital for "applying for political asylum" and create the illusion of persecution in China.

　　The "pro-democracy" background behind "Sparrow Action"

　　In mid-July, graffiti and slogans with the word "demolition" appeared in front of China’s embassies in the United States and Canada. Hong Kong’s South China Morning Post said that Ma Yongtian, a "visitor" from China, Jilin, admitted that she was responsible for the graffiti in front of the China Embassy in the United States. It is said that Ma Yongtian is a member of the so-called "Sparrow Action" organization, and has been protesting in front of the China Embassy in the United States since July. However, when a reporter from Global Times contacted Ma Yongtian, she said that the word "demolition" was not written by her, but she was "very glad that someone expressed their support for this group in this way". Ma Yongtian, from Jilin, said that her company’s 200-square-meter factory was demolished in 2001, but the compensation was below the standard. In protest, her son joined Operation Sparrow in 2010. When the reporter asked Ma Yongtian what her son was doing now. She said that her son works in Los Angeles and has obtained American citizenship. However, she did not say how her son obtained American citizenship.

　　According to overseas media reports, the Washington-based "Sparrow Action" organization admitted that it was the mastermind of the incident, and the main organizer was a Chinese named Yang Jianli. In an email interview with the Global Times reporter, Yang Jianli said that Operation Sparrow started in March 2010 to protest against some demolition incidents during the Shanghai World Expo. After the World Expo, the first phase of the operation was announced in 2011. In July this year, with the domestic attention to the demolition incident, he organized a second round of actions, including this one to the Chinese Embassy in the United States. Yang Jianli said that "Sparrow Action" is "to safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of citizens", but he also made no secret that "it is also an important political issue".

　　In fact, Yang Jianli, the organizer of "Sparrow Action", was one of the "pro-democracy" figures who fled from the mainland and was elected as the vice chairman of the "NLD". As these people become more and more marginalized in the United States and Europe, they are eager to "do something" and create some noise in the public opinion field to prove their existence. Meng Xuan, an American Chinese critic from Taiwan Province, has dealt with Yang Jianli many times. He told the Global Times that many "pro-democracy" people in the United States have a hard time, and many of them just live in Chinese-inhabited areas such as Flushing in new york. Yang Jianli is one of the more active people in the "pro-democracy movement" in recent years. He takes the upper line, that is, lobbying in Washington. In order to increase his political capital, he secretly returned to China in 2002 and spent several years in prison in China. According to reports, the judgment of the domestic court at that time stated that he was sentenced because "Yang Jianli and others were assigned by Taiwan Province spy organizations to collect China government documents in the United States". In the United States, there are also other "pro-democracy" people who disdain Yang Jianli, saying that "Yang Jianli is ambitious and good at speculation, and his return to prison is only for the sake of his upper position." Meng Xuan said that it is obvious that some Americans eat this set.

　　Many Chinese disapprove of the "Sparrow Action" organized by Yang Jianli, including some "visitors" who also came to the United States to protest against "forced demolition". Xie Jingyuan, who claimed to be a "visitor" from Beijing, said that he had protested at the United Nations for more than two months, and the Beijing municipal government had offered him a satisfactory amount of compensation-plus monetary compensation for his family’s seven houses. However, Xie Jingyuan still said that he did not want to return to China immediately, because he was not at ease until he got the house. He claimed that the pressure of living in the United States was very small, and the rent and living expenses were all sent from home. Xie Jingyuan also said that when they protested in the United States, people from the "pro-democracy movement" came to support them from time to time. "They tried to pull me into the" pro-democracy movement ",but I didn’t agree, because" the "pro-democracy movement" actually had no influence. "

　　"Resisting demolition" has become a new excuse for applying for political asylum.

　　In fact, in front of the United Nations headquarters in new york and China’s embassies and consulates abroad, you can always see such foreign visitors. In Little Square, opposite the United Nations building, people often gather, distribute leaflets to pedestrians, post posters, and sometimes broadcast through loudspeakers, but few pedestrians stop to watch. A Chinese in new york said that one of the people who "sued the foreign countries" earlier was Hu Yan, a Shanghai resident, calling himself an "Expo refugee", saying that during the Shanghai World Expo, the house was "illegally demolished" by the Shanghai Municipal Government. An insider told the Global Times reporter that this person is completely unreasonable. In fact, the Shanghai Municipal Government has given her generous compensation, but she is not satisfied. The insider said that if the China government really wants to crack down, such people will never leave the country.

　　Many local Chinese said that the purpose of these people "suing foreign countries" was to put pressure on the China government and strive for greater economic benefits for themselves, and also to "apply for political asylum". An official of the United Nations said that the United Nations is an international organization composed of 193 countries in the world, serving its member countries, and it is impossible to accept individual complaints. These people are making trouble here, and there must be another purpose.

　　In the United States, in addition to Operation Sparrow, there are many other organizations that visit the people, such as the China Visiting Committee registered in New York State. There are about 10 members in the United States and branches in Japan, Australia and Canada. Ai Furong, a member of the "China Visiting Committee", told the Global Times reporter that most of the "visiting people" are purely for economic demands, and some people stay in the United States in order to get green cards. He said that people who came to the United States to protest all came to the United States through tourist visas and then sought political asylum. If the application is passed, you can get a work visa, and you will have the opportunity to get a green card and become a permanent citizen of the United States.

　　"Someone came to protest that it was also three days of fishing and two days of drying the net. Some people have already solved their problems in China, but they still don’t return home. They want the whole family to live and work here, because they don’t have to worry about no medical insurance, and the pressure of life is relatively small. " Ai furong said.

　　In fact, there are many such people in the United States, Canada and Europe. In the past, some Chinese could get political asylum as soon as they said what they had practiced and what they had taught. The UNHCR reported that among those who sought political asylum in 2011, Afghanistan was the largest source country, followed by China and Iraq; The United States is the first choice for seeking political asylum. A Chinese in new york told reporters that the US Immigration Service cares so much about these people for a simple purpose: hundreds of thousands of cases of political asylum show that China’s human rights record is poor. But Americans don’t know that these people can do anything to achieve their goals. Therefore, overseas Chinese media often appear front-page advertisements-"green card asylum, no charge for failure, full training, buy two and get one free"; There is even a lawyer holding a sign at Los Angeles Airport: "Asylum seekers come with me".

　　In this regard, the US Immigration Service can’t bear it. At the end of 2012, new york dispatched hundreds of police officers, seized dozens of asylum lawyers’ offices suspected of counterfeiting, and arrested many people. Pritt, the U.S. attorney for the Southern District of New York, accused these people of "carefully fabricating lies", and the indictment denounced these people as "novelists" who are good at fabricating nuanced victimization plots. Kuang Zhizhong, a professor who studies Asian Americans and urban affairs at Hunter College in new york, said that many asylum applications received by new york from Chinese were fraudulent. Recently, there have been new excuses for applying for political asylum in the United States, such as "anti-demolition" and "anti-pollution". In fact, China’s embassies in the United States and Canada, as well as consulates in Chinese-inhabited cities such as San Francisco, have always been high-incidence places for street performance art by a few people: in these places, "demonstration kiosks" and large slogans have existed for several years, and the municipal government ordered the removal of the capital "wildfire never quite consumes them". For these, local Chinese have long been accustomed to it and rarely pay attention to it.

　　Many overseas Chinese are very concerned about the social phenomenon in China, and they are also deeply in love and deeply responsible for the corruption and imperfect legal system in China. In the interactive discussion of local Chinese radio and TV stations, a large number of Chinese enthusiastically participated in each discussion, and their views were very diverse, and many criticisms were quite sharp. But even critics don’t agree with this kind of "performance art" Many Chinese believe that "criticism is not a show, and a show is not a criticism." In foreign countries, there are many ways to criticize the China government, and it is not difficult to organize legal demonstrations. This sneaky performance art of the so-called "Sparrow Action" is unnecessary, and it is also easy to remind people of "fake refugees" who "gamble on their identity".

　　Mr. Qing Liu, Deputy Secretary-General of China Association for the Promotion of Peaceful Reunification (USA), told the Global Times reporter that the purpose of "Operation Sparrow" was simply to discredit the China government, and the organizers of the operation had a strong political purpose. After the establishment of the new government in China, it intensified its efforts to punish corruption, and investigated and dealt with a number of lawless elements, including some corrupt elements who used to hold high positions. This shows that the China affair can be completely solved in China, and the intention behind putting these matters on international occasions deserves people’s vigilance. (Reporter Yan Shuang, correspondent in the United Nations, the United States and Canada, Wu Yun, Chen Yiming, Guan Bin)

(Source: People’s Daily Online-Global Times)

　　Xinhua News Agency, Zhengzhou, December 29th Title: An open circle of friends in a big inland province

　　Xinhua News Agency reporters Wang Ding, Li Junde and Liu Huai Pi

　　"At the request of everyone, I will put a group of pictures of fresh flowers in the Netherlands, which I took myself!"

　　Guo Limin, 39, is the head of a "freight forwarding" company in Zhengzhou. Whenever there is a rare foreign freight, he loves to take photos in the WeChat circle of friends. His subjects are rich and varied, and a little look at his circle of friends, in addition to Dutch flowers, there are Chilean cherries, Norwegian salmon, Malaysian bird’s nest, Canadian blueberries and Australian dairy goats …

　　Guo Limin is a witness to the convergence of global good things in the Central Plains. Seizing the opportunity of the national "Belt and Road" construction, even Henan, which is located in the hinterland of China, has gradually developed into a logistics hub channel connecting domestic and foreign countries and radiating east, west and east in recent years, and has trade with more than 200 countries and regions around the world. Henan is a microcosm, which shows China’s firm determination to promote trade liberalization and its broad-minded initiative to open to the world.

　　Employees at the Zhengzhou offline store of CW pharmacy in Australia are sorting out the price tag of goods (photo taken on November 6). Xinhua News Agency reporter Li Jianan photo

　　The world in the shopping cart and China on the waybill.

　　In Zhengzhou Zhongdamen International Shopping Park, at 3 o’clock every afternoon, the offline store of CW pharmacy in Australia ushered in the sales peak. After brushing the CW pharmacy in Tik Tok, 24-year-old Hua Xiaohan made a special trip to sweep the goods, and the shopping basket was full of cosmetics.

　　CW Pharmacy is the largest chain pharmacy in Australia, mainly engaged in skin care products, health products, milk powder and so on. In the offline store in Zhengzhou, the shelves are filled with more than 2,000 kinds of goods from more than 30 countries and regions, which is exactly the same as the quality of Australian stores.

　　"After opening for two months, the passenger flow exceeded expectations, and many goods were often snapped up as soon as they were put on the shelves." Ma Yitao, the domestic offline operator of CW Pharmacy in Australia, said that the dazzling array of foreign goods meets the different preferences of consumers, and the daily traffic and transaction volume are unmatched by foreign stores of the same size.

　　Thanks to China’s continuous opening to the outside world, high-quality goods from all over the world have flowed in, and people in the mainland such as Henan can also buy imported goods when walking in the streets and lanes. Eating fresh Chilean cherries, drinking Belarusian milk, tasting German beer, enjoying Dutch tulips and using Australian health products have become the daily consumption of many Zhengzhou citizens.

　　At present, it is the hot season of Chilean cherries, and the Henan market shows strong consumption power. "I have to enter the goods twice a day, and the value of each goods reaches more than 100,000 yuan." Li Guowei is a cherry buyer of Zhengzhou Century Lianhua. He supplies four stores.

　　"Chilean cherries have sunk from first-tier cities to second-and third-tier cities and even small counties. The market capacity of China is still growing, and the price mainly depends on market demand." Huang Xianhua, general manager of Shanghai Ouheng Import & Export Co., Ltd., undertook Chilean cherry charter business. About 40 charter flights landed at Zhengzhou Airport this year, each carrying about 80 tons of cargo.

　　Chinese’s shopping cart is full of goods from all over the world, and waybills from all over the world are often filled with products sent to China.

　　In Chile, the Nativa Cherry Plantation, 50 kilometers away from the capital Santiago, covers an area of 30 hectares, with an annual output of 150 to 200 tons of cherries, 95% of which are exported to China.

　　"I caught up with the prosperity of the cherry business at the beginning of my career, mainly driven by the China market. The China market has been expanding and the quality requirements are getting higher and higher. We are constantly adjusting the varieties." Pablo Molares, head of export at Nativa Cherry Plantation, said.

　　In the Netherlands, Silvonda, an old Dutch flower distributor with a history of 100 years, now exports Dutch flowers to several cities in China, such as Zhengzhou. At present, the company airlifts two batches of flowers to Zhengzhou every week, each weighing 0.5 to 1 ton.

　　"China has a large population and a very large consumption of flowers, so it is very optimistic about the potential of the China market." Gert-Jan Scheneveld, president of Silvonda Company, said that he always hoped to export flowers to China through more ports, and expected that the export volume would increase in the next few years, even at a double-digit rate.

　　Foday Ben, the person in charge of China of Australian CW Pharmacy, said that the offline store landed in Zhengzhou, which was loved and sought after by Zhengzhou people. The company has also achieved extraordinary sales performance on the e-commerce platform in China for several years, and the consumer market in China has great potential and bright prospects.

　　Bakers make cherry cakes in a cake shop in Zhengzhou (photo taken on December 6). Xinhua News Agency reporter Li Jianan photo

　　The global village becomes smaller and the circle of friends expands.

　　It’s chilly in winter, and the flowers in Shuangqiao Flower Market in Zhengzhou are colorful and warm as spring.

　　Zang Jingjing, the shop assistant of Pony’s imported flower shop, unpacked the Dutch tulips flown in by air with her colleagues, and put them in bundles in a water basket already prepared to raise them. When I was a child, it was not sold in Henan market. This Zhengzhou girl had never seen a real Dutch tulip. Now, she placed an order on the Internet the first day and received the goods the next day.

　　The Netherlands and Henan are tens of thousands of kilometers apart. It is not easy to transport delicate flowers at such a long distance.

　　"Within 24 hours, the fresh cut tulips harvested from the Netherlands can be delivered to Zang Jingjing, which is inseparable from the opening of the Henan Aerial Silk Road." Song Xiaochen, general manager of tulip importer Beijing Dongfang Huida International Trade Co., Ltd. said that since 2017, Dutch flowers have been imported in Zhengzhou, and the annual freight volume has increased by more than 20%.

　　Actively integrated into the "Belt and Road", Henan took advantage of its regional transportation and created "four Silk Roads" in the air, on land, online and at sea, which changed the concept of time and space for inland areas to communicate with the world. Growing on the other side of the globe, Chilean cherries can be delivered to Zhengzhou people’s table from South America after more than 30 hours of transportation.

　　"Zhengzhou Airport’s aviation network covers major economies in the world, and the flight density can meet the timeliness demand of fresh goods." Li Weidong, secretary of the Party Committee and chairman of Henan Airport Group, said that Zhengzhou Airport also implements convenient customs clearance for 7×24 hours, and the customs can inspect and release the goods at any time as soon as they arrive.

　　The "iron camel team" on land is also very busy, and the Central European train (Zhengzhou) currently maintains the running density of 14 trips per week and 10 trips per week. "From Hamburg to Zhengzhou, it takes only 12 days, and it can provide services such as door-to-door, single system and whole cold chain, which is fast and convenient." Zhao Wenming, general manager of Zhengzhou land port Development and Construction Co., Ltd. said that Banlie’s overseas cargo collection network has covered 130 cities in more than 30 countries in Asia and Europe.

　　In Zhengzhou Economic Development Zone, the experience mall under the China-Europe train (Zhengzhou) line, Belarusian beef, German milk powder, Polish yogurt, Spanish coffee, French cosmetics … all kinds of imported goods are dazzling, and many citizens drive to buy them.

　　"High-frequency China-Europe trains and complete land port have not only brought rich imported goods to the mainland people, but also sold tires, curtains and other products produced in Henan abroad, making China more and more closely linked with other countries in Asia and Europe." Yang Hua, stationmaster of Putian Station of Zhengzhou Railway Depot of China Railway Zhengzhou Bureau Group Co., Ltd. said.

　　The shrinking of the global village is also related to innovation. "Haitao" used to take about two weeks to receive the goods. Henan pioneered the 1210 model of cross-border e-commerce bonded stocking, which shortened the receiving time to two or three days. The first offline store in China, an Australian CW pharmacy, landed in Zhengzhou, which is based on the offline self-withdrawal mode innovated by 1210.

　　"Less than three minutes after the customer places an order, the customs can complete the customs clearance and take the goods away, which is very convenient." Foday Ben said that many institutional and technological innovations in China’s opening-up have made it easier for multinational enterprises to land in China. I believe more and more enterprises will come to China to develop.

　　This summer, more than 50 tons of lotus gourmet powder produced in Henan set sail from Zhoukou Central Port Terminal and was transferred to Nigeria in Africa via Shanghai Port. At present, Henan is implementing a 100 billion-yuan waterway rehabilitation project, and plans to invest 179 billion yuan to increase the port handling capacity by 140 million tons, and has resumed navigation at Zhoukou Port, Luohe Port and other ports.

　　"Reviving inland river shipping and realizing reaching the sea through the river will provide solid support for the province to build a new highland for inland opening and promote Henan’s seamless connection with the Maritime Silk Road." Tang Yanmin, deputy director of the Henan Provincial Department of Transportation, said.

　　Zhengzhou Customs data show that in the first three quarters of this year, the total import and export value of Henan’s foreign trade was 366.72 billion yuan, ranking first in the central region, and the import and export value of countries along the "Belt and Road" increased by 7.7%.

　　Zang Jingjing (left), clerk of Pony Import Flower Shop, arranges tulips imported from the Netherlands at Shuangqiao Flower Market in Zhengzhou (photo taken on November 7). Xinhua News Agency reporter Li Jianan photo

　　People-to-people exchanges have increased, and inland areas have revealed international norms.

　　The bronzes and pottery unearthed from Erlitou site, the "Fu Hao" square coffin unearthed from Yin Ruins in Anyang, the gold carved jade clothes and chariots and horses unearthed from Mangdang Mountain in Yongcheng … In April this year, the "Henan Cultural Relics and Treasures Exhibition", which lasted for half a year, ended at the National Museum of History and Art in Luxembourg. 145 pieces (groups) of exquisite bronzes, ceramics, jade and other cultural relics show the development style of Chinese civilization and win the admiration of European visitors.

　　"This batch of cultural relics flew to Europe on a professional cargo plane of Lu Cargo Airlines and became a’ treasure passenger’ with unique historical charm on Zheng Lu’s’ Aerial Silk Road’." Zhang Mingchao, Party Secretary and Chairman of Henan Civil Aviation Development and Investment Co., Ltd., said that the mutual trust and friendly relations between Henan and Luxemburg have been consolidated with the "Silk Road in the Air" as the link.

　　Since Henan Civil Aviation Development Investment Co., Ltd. acquired 35% equity of cargolux airlines international Company in 2014, economic and trade exchanges have promoted cultural exchanges, and exchanges and cooperation between Henan and Luxemburg have become closer.

　　Vig Catelet, vice president of cargolux airlines international Company, frequently travels to Zhengzhou and has become an "old friend" of many Zhengzhou people. "I have been to China many times, sometimes two or three times a month." Vig Catelet Poe said that the construction of the "Silk Road in the Air" has benefited both Luxemburg and Luxemburg Airlines, and the "Belt and Road Initiative" has helped to strengthen cultural and commercial ties and promote exchanges between countries.

　　Henan continues to open wider to the outside world, especially speeding up the construction of the Silk Road, which has built a bridge between the whole province and the outside world and promoted the integration of the Central Plains into the global cultural exchange pattern.

　　CEIBS (Zhengzhou) once sent "European Opera" to China. Two years ago, the French Embassy in China entrusted CEIBS (Zhengzhou) to transport the scenery and props of the key drama project "Miser" and "2666" of the 12th China-France Culture and Art Festival. These sets and props were packed in five containers, and the plays were performed in Shanghai, Beijing and other places.

　　"The French side sent a special letter of thanks, and the China-Europe train has contributed to the cultural exchanges between China and France." Zhao Wenming said.

　　In today’s Henan, the door to openness is getting bigger and bigger, and "friends circle" is spread all over the world. More and more foreigners come to Henan for business and tourism, so the cities in Henan have become more and more international, and the people in Henan have become more and more "foreign".

　　Jason is the nickname of foreign tourists for Xu Shijie, a tricycle driver in Kaifeng. In the well-known travel guide China on Lonely Planet, Jason was written into the key recommendation of Kaifeng. Xu Shijie is 52 years old. He looks rough and simple, but his mouth is pure and fluent in English.

　　After 18 years in Kaifeng, Xu Shijie is not only familiar with the traffic routes in Kaifeng, but also knows the local history and urban service facilities. In Kaifeng, foreign tourists need to know the customs of the ancient capital, find hotels, book tickets, buy medicines, etc., and they all love to find him. Over the years, Xu Shijie has saved six thick diaries and recorded more than 700 foreign tourists.

　　"Without your wonderful explanation, travel would not be so beautiful. You are not only the pride of China, but also the pride of the world. " An Australian couple left a message saying. (Participating in reporters Yin Nan and Lin Liping)

　　Zhoukou Central Port Wharf (photo of drone) taken on July 31. Xinhua News Agency reporter Li Jianan photo

　　Workers carry containers at the dock of Zhoukou Central Port (photo taken on July 31). Xinhua News Agency reporter Li Jianan photo

　　The staff of Zhengzhou Xinzheng International Airport unloaded the cargo plane of cargolux airlines international Company (photo taken on November 7). Xinhua News Agency reporter Li Jianan photo

　　Xu Shijie (left), a tricycle driver, explains the history of Kaifengfu to British tourists in English before the scenic spot of Kaifengfu (photo taken on April 26, 2018). Xinhua News Agency reporter Li Jianan photo

According to WeChat official account, Seismological Bureau of Yunnan Province, China Seismological Network officially determined that at 15: 02 on January 2, an earthquake of magnitude 5.5 occurred in Ninglang Yi Autonomous County, Lijiang City, Yunnan Province, with a focal depth of 10 kilometers. The epicenter was 60 kilometers away from Ninglang County, 89 kilometers away from Shangri-La, Diqing Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, 110 kilometers away from the ancient city of Lijiang and 368 kilometers away from Kunming.

According to the report of the local earthquake department, according to preliminary statistics, ninglang county and Yulong counties in Lijiang City felt strong earthquakes, and Shangri-La City in Diqing Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture felt obvious earthquakes. As of 17: 44, 17 people were injured in the earthquake. Relevant disasters are being further verified by statistics.

The tiles of the houses in the disaster area fell.

After the earthquake, the Seismological Bureau of Yunnan Province quickly launched an emergency response and carried out emergency response work. Timely report to the Seismological Bureau of China, the provincial party committee and the provincial government on the earthquake situation, the disaster situation initially identified and the emergency response work. A 23-person on-site team led by a deputy director was dispatched to the disaster area to carry out on-site emergency response work such as earthquake disaster loss investigation, intensity assessment, mobile earthquake monitoring and popular science propaganda. Hold a press conference to inform the media and the public about the earthquake, disaster and emergency response.

　　Incoming call information is kept strictly confidential, and the progress feedback is timely.

　　12309: Reporting Hotline Smooth Anti-corruption Public Opinion

　　　

　　On behalf of the real-name whistleblower, the lawyer received a bonus of 5,000 yuan from the procuratorate of Xuzhou City, Jiangsu Province.

　　Procuratorate of Xuzhou City, Jiangsu Province: Award bonuses to real-name informants.

　　On June 24th, at the press conference of "Reporting Publicity Week" and "Prosecution Open Month" held by the procuratorate of Xuzhou City, Jiangsu Province, the procuratorate of Xuzhou City awarded a bonus to a real-name whistleblower. The acting master (pseudonym) of the former Xuzhou Refractory Factory received a reward of 5,000 yuan from the procuratorate for reporting Chen Lingxi’s bribery case. In order to protect the whistleblower, his lawyer took the stage to receive the prize.

　　In the afternoon, the bonus was sent to the acting master. He said excitedly: "I was also afraid when I reported it. Jiawang City is small in scale, not a relative or a cousin, and I am afraid of retaliation. Now I think I did the right thing. You checked Chen Lingxi, which is to be the master for our laid-off workers. "

　　On April 13, 2012, Xuzhou City Procuratorate 12309 received a report phone: "I hesitated for a long time before I made up my mind to report it. I am a laid-off worker in a refractory factory. Today, I reported Chen Lingxi with my real name. He is the rear office of our factory. If he doesn’t give money, he won’t retire, and he won’t let go of the disabled. " "Daishifu, we will seriously investigate every real-name report, and we will also do a good job in protecting the whistleblower." The operator responded. Put down the phone, the staff of "12309" immediately sent the report clue to the relevant leaders according to the procedure. Soon, the clues were transferred to the jiawang district Procuratorate.

　　At this time, the jiawang district Procuratorate also received a similar report letter: "Dear Attorney General, I am a laid-off worker from Xuzhou Refractory Factory. When I went through the retirement formalities, Chen Lingxi of the rear office forced me to ask for money. Please ask the Attorney General to make decisions for us."

　　According to the investigation, Xuzhou Refractory Factory is a state-owned enterprise with a long history. Due to poor management, it went bankrupt and liquidated, and nearly a thousand workers were laid off. After bankruptcy, the refractory factory set up a rear office to handle the social security work for employees. Chen Lingxi’s bribery behavior reflected in the report was mainly concentrated from 2007 to 2012, and the bribe recipients were mainly workers. The laid-off workers who had gone through retirement procedures in the factory in the past five years became important witnesses in this case.

　　Prosecutors immediately began the preliminary work. In order not to alarm them, they used their break time to visit important witnesses from house to house. The work of obtaining evidence was very smooth, and many workers volunteered to testify. After initially grasping the fact that Chen Lingxi took bribes of nearly 50,000 yuan, the jiawang district Procuratorate summoned Chen Lingxi according to law.

　　"I have high blood pressure and heart disease. I can’t sit for a long time and stand for a long time. You have to take responsibility for my problems." "They don’t meet the retirement conditions at all. After retirement, they are happy. They took the initiative to give money and invite them to dinner." ….. Chen Lingxi tried his best to evade interrogation and legal sanctions. The prosecutor saw the confession and took Chen Lingxi to the hospital for a comprehensive physical examination, which broke his lies. Finally, in the face of solid evidence, Chen Lingxi’s psychological defense line collapsed and confessed his criminal facts.

　　Investigators verified that from 2007 to 2012, Chen Lingxi took advantage of his position to ask for bribes in cash and shopping cards totaling 47,700 yuan. In March 2013, the jiawang district court sentenced the defendant Chen Lingxi to three years and six months in prison for accepting bribes.

　　(Special correspondent of this newspaper Tang Ying correspondent Guo Wei)

　　Qiongshan district Procuratorate, Haikou City, Hainan Province: The fourth visit finally paid off.　　

　　One morning in January, the telephone of 12309 reporting center of qiongshan district Procuratorate in Haikou City suddenly rang: "Hello, is this qiongshan district Procuratorate?" There is a cadre in our village who takes the land compensation as his own, about 300,000 yuan. I hope the procuratorate can check it. " Before Xiao Ceng, the prosecutor who answered the phone, responded, the phone was hung up. Xiao Ceng checked and the telephone number belongs to Yunlong Town, qiongshan district.

　　The situation was quickly fed back to Chen Zhensheng, the chief procurator of the qiongshan district Procuratorate. Chen Zhensheng immediately found the heads of the anti-corruption bureau, prevention and reporting departments to analyze the clues that were not reported to the "home". Everyone agrees that further investigation should be carried out. Since the phone call is from Yunlong Town, it can basically be concluded that the informant is in the jurisdiction of Yunlong Town. Chen Zhensheng decided to send police officers to visit various villages and households in Yunlong Town on the grounds of popularizing the law, and strive to find out this report clue.

　　The next morning, Xing Fuhe, the chief of the prevention department of the hospital, led the police officer Xiao Ceng to drive to Yunlong Town, where he conducted legal publicity and asked about the distribution of compensation funds for land acquisition. However, the three-day visit yielded nothing. Xing Fu and Xiao Ceng didn’t lose heart. On January 14th, they went into a village in Yunlong Town, where they started a family conversation with the villagers.

　　The fourth visit finally paid off. During the chat, a villager named Lu approached Xing Fuhe and said indignantly: "There is a cadre named Li in the village who has neither engaged in business nor farming, but he can spend hundreds of thousands of dollars to build a new house in a blink of an eye. I heard that a real estate boss gave Li the compensation for land acquisition in the village, with more than 300,000 yuan. "

　　"What’s the name of this real estate boss?" Xing Fuhe asked, Lumou didn’t speak, but wrote a name in Xing Fuhe’s hand, and then said, "What I said just now was to close the door. As soon as you left my house, it means that I didn’t say anything today." "You don’t have to worry. It’s our responsibility to keep secrets for you. You should keep secrets from others for the time being!" Xing Fuhe said.

　　Xing Fuhe transferred the clue to the application control department of the hospital, and Li Yan, the chief of the application control department, and Fan Shurong, the police officer, started the investigation and conducted the initial nuclear test on March 24.

　　After collecting the land use right transfer agreement signed between a farm in Qiongshan and a real estate development company, the qiongshan district court’s civil judgment on the land and other relevant documentary evidence, as well as checking the transfer voucher at the bank, a large amount of evidence shows that Li took advantage of his power to accept the land compensation of 320,000 yuan paid by a real estate boss when dealing with the land left over. Soon, the clues of the case were transferred to the Anti-Corruption Bureau. On June 21, the Anti-Corruption Bureau officially filed a case. On June 24, the hospital applied to Haikou City Procuratorate for approval to arrest Li for allegedly accepting bribes.

　　(Reporter Li Xuanwei correspondent Jelena)

　　Fujian Youxi County Procuratorate: In just 4 days, the reporter received feedback from the case.

　　"Is it illegal for the top leader to borrow money from the unit? Does the procuratorate care about this?" On June 15, a person who claimed to be Huang called the 12309 report number of Youxi County Procuratorate in Fujian Province.

　　"Who is the borrower? What position? Can you provide his real name? Do you know how much money he borrowed? What is the use of this money? " Xiao Zhang, the reporting center, asked Huang about the situation in detail.

　　"He is Zhang, the president of Xibin Health Center, and borrowed 50,000 yuan from finance. I don’t know what to do." Huang said. "If it is used for official business, his behavior does not constitute a crime, but it may involve discipline or violation; If it is for personal use, it depends on how long it takes for its specific use and use time to be qualitative. " Xiao Zhang patiently explained to Huang. Hang up the phone, Xiao Zhang immediately submitted this situation to the report clue evaluation team.

　　"The reporter dialed 12309, which is a trust in us. We must take the time to investigate and feedback the results to the reporter in time." Yang Liangwen, the chief procurator of the hospital, said after listening to the report. Soon, the hospital found out that Zhang of Xibin Health Center in Youxi County used his authority to "borrow and approve" and embezzled 200,000 yuan of public funds for his relatives and friends during his tenure as dean.

　　On June 18, the court filed a case against Zhang for alleged misappropriation of public funds, and informed the reporter Huang of the progress of the investigation.

　　It took only four days from calling 12309 to receiving feedback from the procuratorate, and Huang was very satisfied. He said, "I learned that there was a 12309 report phone number from the procuratorate’s next visit, but I didn’t expect that once it was reported, the procuratorate found it so quickly!" On June 26, Youxi County Procuratorate filed a public prosecution against Zhang for alleged misappropriation of public funds.

　　Youxi County Procuratorate has a perfect working mechanism to guarantee the acceptance, handling and feedback of the 12309 report phone. The "12309 Reporting Telephone Receiving and Handling Work System" formulated by the hospital stipulates that it is necessary to ensure that the reporting telephone is kept open for 24 hours; The receiver should be civilized and enthusiastic when answering the phone; For those under the jurisdiction of our hospital, the diversion should be completed within 3 days, and the results should be fed back to the reporter within one month. "Answering, registering, evaluating, diverting, investigating, and giving feedback are all indispensable." The person in charge of the reporting center of the hospital introduced.

　　(Reporter Zhang Renping correspondent Lai Shijun Zhang Shijia)

　　Yugan county Procuratorate, Jiangxi Province: Follow the trail to find out the case of corruption subsidies.

　　　 "We are villagers in HouHe Cun, Shikou Town. Our food subsidies have been taken by village Committee cadres. What should we do now?" On April 12th, the phone of the report center of yugan county Procuratorate rang, and the villagers’ words were confused and impatient.

　　On the other end of the phone, the Shenke police officers in the hospital enthusiastically and professionally answered the villagers’ questions, carefully recorded the reasons for the villagers’ reports, and quickly reported to the hospital leaders. After evaluating the clues, the hospital believes that many people jointly reported that the village Committee cadres were suspected of corruption, and the clues were highly credible and traceable.

　　"This reported case must be done quickly and well!" Ai Jianliang, the head of the second investigation section of the anti-corruption bureau of the hospital and a post-80 s policeman from rural areas, took the lead in investigating the case. Subsequently, the hospital set up a case-handling team composed of four police officers from the departments of application control, anti-corruption and duty crime prevention. Everyone quickly worked out a preliminary investigation plan and plan, and a legal network was quietly rolled out.

　　The policemen were divided into two groups, one to the county agricultural bureau, responsible for collecting the rice planting verification area and the registration form of growers reported by Houhe Village Committee in Shikou Town over the years, and the other to the county finance bureau, responsible for collecting the rice grain subsidy standards over the years. On the weekend of April 13th, police officers worked overtime to carefully verify the rice planting area and receive subsidies. As soon as the data were summarized, doubts immediately emerged. The police officers found that from 2009 to 2011, several farmers in Houhe Village Committee received a significantly higher amount of food subsidies than other villagers in the same village, and there was suspicion of taking food subsidies.

　　On April 14th, police officers visited the government of Shikou Town for investigation. Upon inquiry, it was learned that the farmers who had doubts were none other than the six village cadres themselves or their relatives, including the secretary, director, deputy director and accountant of Houhe Village Committee. After understanding this situation, the police officers immediately went to Houhe Village Committee to collect accounting accounts and find witnesses. Accounting accounts and witness testimony show that six people, including He Mou, secretary of Houhe Village Committee, falsely reported the rice planting area of more than 270 mu.

　　The police officers brought six people, including He Mou, back to the hospital for questioning. In the face of the evidence, they all truthfully confessed the fact and process of taking food subsidies for private distribution. The amount involved was about 113,000 yuan. Recently, the hospital was suspected of corruption. Six people filed a public prosecution against He Mou.

　　While consolidating the evidence and handling the case, the police officers returned all the recovered money to the Shikou town government, and urged the town government to distribute subsidies to the villagers according to the actual planting area. In view of the hidden dangers and loopholes in the management of the Agricultural Bureau and the town government, the hospital also carried out careful investigation and analysis, and put forward 8 procuratorial suggestions, which were adopted by relevant functional departments. (Reporter Jing Meffert correspondent Wu Bo)

CCTV News:Earlier, the United States announced sanctions against two China entities and one Russian entity involved in the development, production and transportation of Russian long-range attack drones. In this regard, a spokesman for the Ministry of Commerce said that China resolutely opposes unilateral sanctions and "long-arm jurisdiction" that have no basis in international law and are authorized by the UN Security Council.

A spokesman for the Ministry of Commerce said that China has strict control measures on the export of military products and dual-use goods for military and civilian use, requiring enterprises to conduct international trade in related controlled items in accordance with laws and regulations. Since the Ukrainian crisis, China has repeatedly issued announcements on the control of drones, and clearly stipulated that uncontrolled civil drones should not be used for military purposes in violation of regulations. Relevant departments have strengthened the review of export licenses for drones in accordance with the law, and intensified the inspection of illegal exports.

He Yadong, spokesman of the Ministry of Commerce, said that China resolutely opposes unilateral sanctions and "long-arm jurisdiction" that have no basis in international law and are authorized by the UN Security Council. China will resolutely safeguard its legitimate rights and interests against any vicious act of suppressing and sanctioning Russian enterprises on the grounds of China’s involvement.

Ministry of Commerce of China: Export control is an international practice.

At the regular press conference held by the Ministry of Commerce of China on the 24th, spokesman He Yadong introduced that recently, the regulations on export control of dual-use items in People’s Republic of China (PRC) were issued. Export control is an international common practice, and this regulation is a refinement of the export control law, with the aim of integrating the existing decentralized system provisions.

He Yadong said that dual-use items are goods, technologies and services that have both civilian and military uses, or help to enhance military potential, especially those that can be used to design, develop, produce or use weapons of mass destruction and their means of delivery. Improper use after export may endanger national security and affect world peace and security.

He Yadong said that export control is an international common practice, and this regulation is a refinement of the export control law, with the purpose of integrating the existing decentralized system regulations, ensuring that the policy provisions are more unified, standardized and transparent, and enhancing operability.

Ministry of Commerce of China: The investigation of PVH Group in the United States is being promoted in an orderly manner according to law.

According to the Ministry of Commerce, recently, relevant institutions suggested and reported to the working mechanism of the list of unreliable entities that the PVH Group of the United States was suspected of violating the normal market trading principles and boycotting Xinjiang cotton and other products for no reason, seriously damaging the legitimate rights and interests of relevant China enterprises and endangering China’s sovereignty, security and development interests. According to the Regulations on the List of Unreliable Entities, the working mechanism of the List of Unreliable Entities decided to initiate an investigation into the relevant behaviors of PVH Group. In response, He Yadong, spokesman of the Ministry of Commerce, responded at the press conference on the 24th.

He Yadong revealed that the working mechanism of the list of unreliable entities is promoting the investigation of PVH Group in the United States in an orderly manner according to law. During the investigation, PVH Group’s rights of statement and defense will be fully protected. After that, the working mechanism will make corresponding decisions according to the investigation in accordance with the Provisions on the List of Unreliable Entities.

He Yadong said that China has always handled the list of unreliable entities cautiously, and only targeted at a very small number of foreign entities that violated the market rules and the laws of China. Foreign entities that are honest and law-abiding need not worry at all. As always, the China government welcomes enterprises from all over the world to invest in China, and is committed to providing a stable, fair and predictable business environment for law-abiding and law-abiding foreign-funded enterprises to operate in China.

　　From July 15th to 18th, the third plenary session of the 20th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (CPC) was held in Beijing. The plenary session made strategic arrangements to further comprehensively deepen reform and promote Chinese-style modernization, which aroused widespread concern in the international community. International public opinion generally believes that the Third Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China shows China’s firm determination to continue the reform and opening up, and opens a new chapter in the era of Chinese modernization, which will create new opportunities for world development.

　　Russian Foreign Ministry spokesman Zacharova congratulated "China friends" on the success of the Third Plenary Session of the 20th CPC Central Committee. She said, "This meeting has achieved positive results and repercussions. I believe that the relevant decisions of the meeting will contribute to the further development and prosperity of China and the improvement of people’s well-being. As far as Russia is concerned, we have seen good prospects for cooperation. "

　　Zacharova said that China is one of the main driving forces of global economic growth. China’s achievements have driven the growth of global trade, the increase of cross-border investment and the strengthening of international production chains. Russia regards China as a friend and strategic partner, and is committed to further deepening and expanding comprehensive and pragmatic cooperation between Russia and China, making important contributions to the economic and social development of the two countries and maintaining regional and world economic stability.

　　Jin Ping, director of the Institute of International Relations of the Royal Cambodian Institute, said that Chinese modernization has always adhered to the people-centered development thinking, focusing on safeguarding people’s interests and enhancing people’s well-being, and ensuring that development is for the people, development depends on the people, and development results are shared by the people. The determination, depth and influence of China’s reform are unprecedented. The modernization of China’s national governance system and the acceleration of the construction of a new development pattern are unique examples of global development, scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation. It is believed that China’s economy will be stronger and more resilient, which is conducive to promoting rapid economic growth, sustainable development and win-win cooperation in the region and the world.

　　"The future and destiny of China is also related to the destiny and future of people all over the world and many nationalities. The development of China has played a leading role in promoting the stability and democratization of the international order, and its influence on the world economy and politics has been expanding. China plays a key role in establishing a new multipolar world. " Jin Ping said, "The Third Plenary Session of the 20th CPC Central Committee will jointly build ‘ Belt and Road ’ ‘ Global civilization ’ ‘ Global development ’ ‘ Global security ’ Other major initiatives have injected new kinetic energy to promote world peace, stability, prosperity, connectivity and harmony. "

　　In addition, the Russian Tass news agency, South Africa Independent Media Online, Kenya Broadcasting Corporation, Finland Helsinki Times and Pakistan Today and many other international mainstream media all reported the contents of the meeting and the plenary communique for the first time.

　　In related reports, Russian Tass news agency emphasized the importance and historical position of the Third Plenary Session of the 20th CPC Central Committee, and explained in detail the overall objectives put forward by the meeting. The Tass news agency reported that the reform goal set by the Third Plenary Session of the 20th CPC Central Committee shows China’s firm confidence and determination for future development, and also shows the world the grand blueprint for China’s reform and modernization.

　　Russian newspaper, the official newspaper of the Russian Federation, made a special report on the Third Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China with the title of "China Releases New High-quality Development Plan". "Russian newspaper" believes that it can be seen from the communique of the plenary session that comprehensively deepening reform is still the fundamental driving force for promoting Chinese modernization. The overall goal of deepening the reform in an all-round way is to continue to improve and develop the Socialism with Chinese characteristics system and promote the modernization of the national governance system and governance capacity. The word "reform" that appears many times in the communique refers not only to the adjustment in the economic field, but also to the progress in culture and social governance. In order to achieve the common goal of further deepening the reform in an all-round way, the communique put forward the system deployment. These are all related to the economic system reform, which means that the economic system reform is still the focus, and it also reflects the main starting point of focusing on economic construction. The Central Committee of the Communist Party of China’s Decision on Further Deepening Reform and Promoting Chinese Modernization, which was deliberated and adopted at this meeting, reflects China’s firm stance of maintaining strategic strength and promoting national development under the unstable international situation.

　　The Russian newspaper Izvestia also made a special report on the Third Plenary Session of the 20th CPC Central Committee, saying that China is paying more and more attention to the development of "new quality productivity" and actively developing biotechnology, hydrogen energy and quantum computing.

　　Pakistani media highly appreciated the strategic plan of the Third Plenary Session of the 20th CPC Central Committee to further comprehensively deepen reform and promote Chinese modernization. Pakistan Today, Pakistan Observer and many other mainstream media in Pakistan tracked and reported the Third Plenary Session of the 20th CPC Central Committee.

　　Pakistan Today reported that under the complicated international and domestic situation, people from all walks of life in China and the world are paying close attention to the Third Plenary Session of the 20th CPC Central Committee with the theme of reform. Mian Ablard, editor-in-chief of Pakistan Today, said that since the reform and opening-up, China has done very well on the road of modernization, which is a world miracle of this era. He also said that the Third Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China is an extremely important meeting in China at present, and the strategic deployment made by the Communist Party of China (CPC) in the meeting is crucial for China to ensure economic growth in the next stage, and it also plays a guiding role in continuously promoting the high-quality construction of the "Belt and Road".

　　Muhammad Asif Nur, a senior Pakistani media person, wrote in several mainstream media that China successfully achieved the annual target of GDP growth of 5% last year. This achievement shows that China’s achievements in economic development have attracted worldwide attention, and China is fully capable of properly coping with various challenges at home and abroad. China’s leadership will adjust its course of action in a timely and prudent manner when necessary, and promote strategic deployment, so that the whole country can better cope with risks and challenges. The focus of the Third Plenary Session of the 20th CPC Central Committee is to comprehensively deepen reform and promote Chinese modernization. The outcome of the meeting is expected to solve structural problems and promote high-quality development, thus stimulating national economic growth. For decades, the China government has promoted China to show strong economic growth in many fields by implementing various strategic policies. The future prospect of China’s economy is optimistic. At present, China continues to exert its strength in scientific and technological innovation, which will further consolidate its global leading position.

　　Independent Media Online (IOL), a non-mainstream media in South China, continuously reported the relevant contents of the meeting during the meeting, and forwarded the full text to the Bulletin of the Third Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (CPC).

　　Kenya Broadcasting Corporation (KBC) forwarded the report of China Global Television Network (CGTN) on July 16th, introducing the convening of the Third Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the contents of "the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China’s Decision on Further Comprehensively Deepening Reform and Promoting Chinese Modernization (Draft)". On July 18th, the media also forwarded the communiqué of the Third Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (CPC).

　　The Cameroonian media "Autu Cameroun" website reported on July 15th that the Third Plenary Session of the 20th CPC Central Committee focused on important issues such as deepening reform and promoting Chinese modernization, which will make plans for China to further deepen reform and promote Chinese modernization in an all-round way.

　　Finland’s Helsinki Times published a report on July 17, saying that the discussion and approval of major policy directions and strategies at the Third Plenary Session of the 20th CPC Central Committee is crucial to shaping national governance. The Third Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China attracted global attention, because many countries in the "global south" hoped that China would take major reform measures to create new opportunities in the face of increasing geo-economic tensions. The international community generally believes that the focus of the Third Plenary Session of the 20th CPC Central Committee is to expand high-level opening-up and promote global development.

　　The newspaper reported that China’s reform and opening up is reflected in various measures and policies formulated for its high-quality development, innovation and coordinated regional development. "Green transformation" is also the cornerstone of China’s industrial policy, which significantly reduces the carbon intensity. In addition, China is committed to openness and cooperation, which is in sharp contrast with the closure and protectionism of some western countries. China has taken firm steps and opened up in an all-round way under the initiative of jointly building the "Belt and Road", which has benefited both China and the international community.

　　(Economic Daily reporter Li Chunhui Wang Tao Shi Puzhen Yang Haiquan Cai Wei)