CCTV News:On May 30, the highly concerned HPV nine-valent vaccine (nine-valent cervical cancer vaccine) began to be injected in Boao, Hainan. On the first day of injection, about 1,000 people completed the vaccine appointment.

　　HPV vaccination should be treated rationally

　　A month ago (April 29th), National Medical Products Administration approved the marketing of nine-valent cervical cancer vaccine in the Mainland. Boao Lecheng International Medical Tourism Pioneer Zone enjoys nine supporting policies, such as drug import registration and approval, and it takes only one month to take the lead in completing all the approval of nine-valent cervical cancer vaccine for marketing injection, and injecting it for school-age women in need. According to the regulations,The vaccine in the Mainland is suitable for women aged 16 to 26.

　　It is understood that HPV nine-valent vaccine is the most comprehensive vaccine against HPV virus in the world, and it can prevent 90% of cervical cancer against nine subtypes. It can be injected in Hong Kong earlier, and a shot costs about HK$ 2,250.

　　Experts from National Medical Products Administration, Health and Health Commission and China CDC have recently answered questions related to vaccines.Experts said that HPV vaccination should be treated rationally.(For details, see: the vaccine that can prevent more than 90% of cervical cancer can be listed in China conditionally.)

　　Nine-valent HPV vaccine "conditionally approved for marketing"

　　Experts pointed out that at present, the nine-valent HPV vaccine that has been approved for import registration by priority review is conditionally approved for marketing. Shao Jie, reviewer of the Clinical Department of Biological Products of the National Drug Administration Center, said that conditional approval paid attention to the ethnic differences of clinical trial subjects.

　　Data from overseas clinical trials show that,There are more than 2,000 Asian people in the clinical trial of the nine-valent HPV vaccine.China, Hongkong, China, Taiwan Province, Japan, Korea, etc. The population of China, Hongkong and Taiwan Province, China, which were included in the clinical trial, were analyzed separately, and the results were consistent with those of the global population. This is the basis for the inclusion of imported nine-valent HPV vaccine in conditional approval.

　　Experts said that the overall principle of conditional approval is that the benefits outweigh the risks. After the enterprise is conditionally approved, it needs to improve the follow-up research work as required, and the regulatory agency will continue to follow up and supervise the vaccine throughout its life cycle.

　　The age range of vaccination adaptation is 16 ~26 years old.

　　The nine-valent HPV vaccine approved for marketing in ChinaThe age range of vaccination adaptation is 16 ~26 years old.. The reason why it is designated as this age group comes from three aspects:

　　1. At this age, the overseas clinical research data of the vaccine and its protective effect against persistent infection in East Asian population all suggest that the benefits outweigh the risks.

　　Second, the probability of sexual behavior among girls aged 9-15 in China is very low. However, the 9-to 15-year-old vaccinators only carried out the immune bridging test, and the clinical research data of the East Asian Chinese population in this test were limited.

　　Third, women over the age of 26 may have a history of virus exposure and infection. At present, there is no evidence to prove that this vaccine has a protective effect on the exposed population of this age group.

　　In addition, experts said that,The incidence of adverse reactions of nine-valent HPV vaccine will be higher than that of four-valent vaccine.

　　Wang Huaqing, chief expert of immunization program of China CDC, pointed out that vaccination is primary prevention and screening is secondary prevention, which are equally important at present.Cervical cancer screening measures should not be relaxed because of vaccination.

　　What are the differences between bivalent, tetravalent and ninth-order vaccines used to prevent cervical cancer? A picture makes it clear ↓

[Keywords:] national emergency management system; Major risks; National governance capacity

[Chinese Library Classification Number ]D63 [Document Identification Code ]A

　　Preventing and resolving major risks is an important part of the three major battles, and it is the political responsibility of party committees and governments at all levels and leading cadres. The COVID-19 epidemic is a sudden major risk, a big test of China’s national governance system and governance capacity, and a test of the ability of party committees and governments at all levels and leading cadres to prevent and resolve major risks. The General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out that it is necessary to improve the national emergency management system and improve the ability to deal with urgent and dangerous tasks in view of the shortcomings and shortcomings exposed in the response to this epidemic. Party committees and governments at all levels and leading cadres must deeply understand the severe and complicated risk situation in China, give full play to the remarkable advantages of the Communist Party of China (CPC)’s leadership and Socialism with Chinese characteristics’s system, further improve the national emergency management system, and do a good job in preventing and resolving major risks.

　　First, a deep understanding of China’s severe and complex risk situation

　　The report of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China pointed out that it is an important principle for our party to manage the country by coordinating development and security, enhancing the sense of hardship and being prepared for danger in times of peace. Only by strengthening risk awareness, constantly observing the general trend and thinking about the overall situation, scientifically predicting the development trend of the situation and hiding the risk challenges, and taking precautions can we enhance the initiative to prevent and resolve major risks.

　　To prevent and resolve major risks, we must first correctly grasp the situation and scientifically understand risks. Great changes have taken place in China’s current domestic and international environment, and the risk situation it faces has also changed greatly, showing three characteristics: various risks are complex and diverse, chain linkage and extreme risks are more prominent.

　　(A) various risks are complex and diverse

　　Socialism with Chinese characteristics has entered a new era, and today’s opening-up and development environment is generally more favorable than ever, and at the same time, it faces unprecedented contradictions and risks. In October 2015, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out: "In the next five years, it may be a period when risks in all aspects of China’s development are constantly accumulating and even concentrated. The major risks we face include domestic economic, political, ideological and social risks and risks from nature, as well as international economic, political and military risks. If there is a major risk and you can’t help it, national security may face a major threat, and the process of building a well-off society in an all-round way may be forced to be interrupted. " [1] The report of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China also emphasized: "We should guard against all kinds of risks more consciously and resolutely overcome all difficulties and challenges in political, economic, cultural, social and other fields and in nature."

　　Risk is an important feature of modern society. At present, China is faced with the dual pressures of safeguarding national sovereignty, security and development interests externally and maintaining political security and social stability internally, and various foreseeable and unpredictable risk factors have obviously increased. The risks we face are varied, including natural risks, economic risks and technological risks, as well as health risks, social risks and political risks, including both local risks that occur in China and imported risks that are affected by other countries (regions).

　　(B) Risk linkage

　　Today’s society is an open giant system, and various risks often do not appear in isolation. It is likely that you have me and I have you, which are intertwined and form a risk complex. General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out: "Various sources and points of contradictory risk challenges are intertwined and interact with each other. If we fail to take precautions and respond effectively, it will be transmitted, superimposed, evolved and upgraded, so that small contradiction risk challenges will develop into large contradiction risk challenges, local contradiction risk challenges will develop into systematic contradiction risk challenges, international contradiction risk challenges will evolve into domestic contradiction risk challenges, and contradictions in economic, social, cultural and ecological fields will turn into political contradiction risk challenges, which will ultimately endanger the party’s ruling position and national security. " [2]

　　With China’s reform entering the deep-water area, economic development has entered a new normal, various contradictions are superimposed, and potential risks are concentrated, which is easy to form systematic risks and produce "ripple effect" and "domino effect". Therefore, we should strictly prevent all kinds of security risks from gathering and converging to form a risk complex, and keep the bottom line that systematic risks do not occur. At the same time, in the era of economic globalization, the security of all countries is interrelated and affects each other; No country can seek its own absolute security on its own, and no country can reap stability from the turmoil of other countries. Therefore, we should co-ordinate the two major domestic and international situations and develop two major safety issues, focusing on the key points and taking the overall situation into consideration, so as to effectively prevent all kinds of risk chain linkage.

　　(3) Extreme risks are more prominent.

　　General Secretary of the Supreme Leader stressed, "In the face of the complicated international situation, complex and sensitive surrounding environment, and arduous and arduous tasks of reform, development and stability, we must always be on high alert, not only for the’ black swan’ incident, but also for the’ grey rhinoceros’ incident; It is necessary to have the first hand to prevent risks, but also to have a clever way to deal with and resolve risk challenges; We must not only fight a prepared battle to prevent and resist risks, but also fight a strategic initiative to turn danger into danger. " [3]

　　To guard against extreme risks, we must keep the bottom line, and we must never make subversive mistakes on fundamental issues. Once they appear, they will be irreparable and irreparable. Under the new situation, the major risks faced by China’s national security and social stability have obviously increased, and the impact of various "black swan" incidents and "gray rhinoceros" incidents has obviously increased. Therefore, preventing and resolving major risks is very important for winning the Chinese dream of building a well-off society in an all-round way, winning the great victory of Socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era and realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. We should prevent and control all kinds of risks, but we should focus on preventing and controlling the overall risks that may delay or interrupt the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.

　　Second, give full play to the remarkable advantages of the Socialism with Chinese characteristics system.

　　General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out that to win the tough battle to prevent and resolve major risks, we must uphold and improve the Socialism with Chinese characteristics system, promote the modernization of the national governance system and governance capacity, and use the power of the system to deal with the impact of risk challenges. [4] Socialism with Chinese characteristics system has obvious institutional advantages. Facts have proved that the Socialism with Chinese characteristics system can overcome all kinds of risk challenges at home and abroad, and constantly improve and develop in this process. Standing at a new historical starting point, to effectively cope with the increasingly complex and severe risk challenges, we must give full play to China’s powerful institutional advantages and better transform China’s institutional advantages into the effectiveness of preventing and resolving major risks.

　　(1) Adhere to the centralized and unified leadership of the Party.

　　The Communist Party of China (CPC)’s leadership is the most essential feature of Socialism with Chinese characteristics and the greatest advantage of Socialism with Chinese characteristics system. The Decision of the Fourth Plenary Session of the 19th CPC Central Committee pointed out that one of the remarkable advantages of China’s state system and state governance system is to "adhere to the centralized and unified leadership of the Party, adhere to the Party’s scientific theory, maintain political stability, and ensure that the country always advances along the socialist direction". In "On Upholding the Party’s Leadership over All Work", the Supreme Leader General Secretary profoundly pointed out: "A prominent feature of the superiority of China’s socialist political system is the core role of the party in taking the overall situation and coordinating all parties, which is vividly called’ the stars hold the moon’, and this’ moon’ is the Communist Party of China (CPC)." He also pointed out that "the national governance system is a complex system composed of many subsystems, and the core of this system is the Communist Party of China (CPC)".

　　The Communist Party of China (CPC) is the strong leading core of Socialism with Chinese characteristics’s cause. Through a strong top-down organizational network, it has a very strong organizational mobilization ability, which can ensure that "one pole is inserted in the end" and quickly convey the central decision-making and deployment to the most basic level. The core role of the party’s leadership is the key for us to overcome the risk challenge and win victory continuously. To prevent and resolve major risks, we must give full play to the advantages of centralized and unified leadership of the party, integrate the strength and resources of all parties, and form a powerful "fist." To this end, it is necessary to further improve the system of the Party’s leadership that takes the overall situation into consideration and coordinates all parties, improve the organizational network composed of party member cadres at all levels and grass-roots party organizations, and implement the Party’s leadership in all fields, aspects and links to prevent and resolve major risks.

　　The response to the COVID-19 epidemic fully reflects the great significance of China’s adherence to the centralized and unified leadership of the Party. After the outbreak, the CPC Central Committee attached great importance to it, and the Supreme Leader General Secretary personally commanded and deployed it. The Politburo Standing Committee (PSC) held several meetings to conduct special studies, and the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China specially issued the Notice on Strengthening the Party’s Leadership and Providing Strong Political Guarantee for Winning the Prevention and Control of the Epidemic. Under the centralized and unified leadership of the CPC Central Committee, the central leading group for responding to the epidemic timely studied and deployed the work, the joint prevention and control mechanism in the State Council strengthened policy coordination and material deployment, and all localities and departments actively performed their duties and responsibilities. The people of all ethnic groups throughout the country were United and United, and they gathered into a strong joint force to respond to the epidemic.

　　(2) Adhere to a national chess game.

　　Adhering to a national chess game, mobilizing the enthusiasm of all parties and concentrating on major events are the obvious advantages of the Socialism with Chinese characteristics system and a powerful guarantee for winning the tough battle to prevent and resolve major risks. Preventing and resolving major risks has the characteristics of urgency, difficulty and danger, large amount of tasks, and wide coverage. It is often necessary to coordinate across departments, levels, regions and fields, and proceed from the overall situation of the country and pay close attention to all work. By establishing and perfecting the system of the Party’s leadership that takes the overall situation into consideration and coordinates all parties, we have formed a national mobilization system with strong political and organizational advantages, and truly achieved "one party in need is supported by all parties".

　　The prevention and control of major epidemics is a systematic project, and all work should provide support for winning this severe struggle. Only by adhering to a national chess game, making overall plans and coordinating linkage can we win the overall war of epidemic prevention and control. General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out that "Party committees and governments at all levels must resolutely obey the unified command, coordination and dispatch of the CPC Central Committee" [5], stressed that "all localities and departments must enhance their overall awareness and concept" [6] and demanded that "all work should provide support for winning the epidemic prevention and control war" [7]. Under the unified leadership and command of the CPC Central Committee, all localities and departments perform their duties, coordinate and coordinate, act urgently and fight with all their strength. We take the strength of the whole country, collect high-quality resources, "one province covers one city", and establish an inter-provincial counterpart support mechanism for medical treatment in COVID-19, a city in Hubei Province except Wuhan; Medical personnel were dispatched all over the country to quickly assemble and help Wuhan; Builders fought day and night to quickly build Wuhan Huoshenshan Hospital; The army efficiently delivered epidemic prevention and control materials, and selected medical staff to participate in medical treatment; Enterprises work overtime to produce, and the epidemic prevention and control materials are uniformly dispatched nationwide. As Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus, Director-General of the World Health Organization, commented, "The speed and scale of China’s actions are rare in the world."

　　(C) adhere to give full play to the two enthusiasm

　　Dealing with the relationship between the central and local governments is a very important issue for a big Congress Party like ours. Comrade Mao Zedong pointed out in "On Ten Major Relationships": "Our country is so big, its population is so large, and its situation is so complicated. It is much better to have the initiative of the central and local governments than to have only one initiative." "On the premise of consolidating the unified leadership of the central government, we should expand the power of local governments, give them more independence and let them do more things." General Secretary of the Supreme Leader emphasized at the Third Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee: "Correctly handle the relationship between the central and local governments, the overall and local, the current and long-term relations, and correctly treat the adjustment of interest pattern". At the Third Plenary Session of the 19th CPC Central Committee, it was further emphasized: "Give full play to the enthusiasm of the central and local authorities, and build a unified, smooth and dynamic working system of institutions at all levels from the central to the local authorities". The Decision of the Fourth Plenary Session of the 19th CPC Central Committee pointed out that we should improve and give full play to the positive institutional mechanisms of the central and local governments, straighten out the relationship between the central and local powers and responsibilities, strengthen the management of central macro-affairs, give local governments more autonomy, support local creative work, and build a working system with clear powers and responsibilities, smooth operation and full of vitality from central to local governments.

　　In response to the outbreak of the COVID-19 epidemic, all localities and departments have set up leading bodies and emergency command bodies, mobilized various forces to do a good job in joint prevention and control, and built an iron wall of "putting people’s life safety and health first". All localities and departments should do a good job of overall planning in their work, considering not only the needs of epidemic prevention and control in this area, but also the impact on key areas and national prevention and control. In particular, the CPC Central Committee sent a steering group to Hubei and other areas with serious epidemics to promote relevant localities to effectively strengthen the front-line work of prevention and control. The Central Steering Group, headed by Sun Chunlan, Vice Premier of the People’s Republic of China, arrived in Wuhan, the "eye of the storm" of the epidemic at the first time during the Spring Festival, supervised Hubei to put all measures in place, assisted Hubei to solve major issues such as materials, medical personnel, technical support, and the problems of inspectors’ inaction, chaos, and lack of responsibility, which played an important guiding and coordinating role in the first-line epidemic prevention and control work.

　　(4) Adhere to group prevention and control.

　　General Secretary of the Supreme Leader stressed that it is necessary to adhere to the mass viewpoint and mass line and expand effective ways for the people to participate in public security governance. The broad masses of the people are not only the main body of our protection, but also the key force we must rely on to prevent and resolve major risks. Practice has proved that group prevention and control is not only a concrete manifestation of the remarkable advantages of Socialism with Chinese characteristics system, but also a key measure for us to win the battle to prevent and resolve major risks. We should not only play the leading role of grass-roots party organizations in politics and the vanguard and exemplary role of party member, but also mobilize, organize and unite the masses extensively, and build a people’s defense line to prevent and resolve major risks.

　　After the outbreak of the COVID-19 epidemic, under the centralized and unified leadership of the CPC Central Committee, we gave full play to the advantages of the Party’s close ties with the masses, relied on the masses to win the war of prevention and control of the epidemic, and built a strict defense line for prevention and treatment by the masses. All regions, organs of the Party, government, military groups, enterprises, institutions, villages and towns have taken urgent action, and the broad masses of the people are United and United as one. The situation of comprehensive mobilization, comprehensive deployment and comprehensive strengthening of epidemic prevention and control has been formed throughout the country, which has provided a solid social foundation and mass foundation for us to win the epidemic prevention and control war.

　　Third, further improve the national emergency management system

　　Emergency management is an important part of the country’s governance system and governance capacity. It undertakes the important responsibility of preventing and resolving major security risks, responding to and handling all kinds of disasters and accidents in a timely manner, and undertaking the important mission of protecting people’s lives and property and maintaining social stability. General Secretary of the Supreme Leader stressed that "we should give full play to the characteristics and advantages of China’s emergency management system, learn from the useful practices of foreign emergency management, and actively promote the modernization of China’s emergency management system and capacity." [8] To prevent and resolve major risks, we must further improve the national emergency management system and form a more mature and stereotyped emergency management system.

　　(A) improve the emergency management leadership system

　　The leadership system is the organizational basis of the national emergency management system. A scientific and reasonable leadership system is conducive to providing a solid organizational guarantee for emergency response. To improve the leadership system of emergency management, we should give full play to China’s political and organizational advantages and build an emergency management organization network that is linked up and down and coordinated left and right.

　　To do a good job in emergency management, we must uphold and strengthen the centralized and unified leadership of the party, implement the major decision-making arrangements of the Party Central Committee on emergency management, and organize the work more effectively and efficiently. At the same time, it is necessary to build an organizational structure that combines functional and empowerment. The functional mechanism is a "column" and the empowering mechanism is a "beam". Only when they interact can the house be stronger. While giving full play to the comprehensive advantages of emergency management and the professional advantages of natural resources, meteorology, water conservancy, ecological environment, transportation, housing and urban construction, sanitation and health, public security and other relevant departments, it is necessary to give better play to the leading role of the emergency management deliberation and coordination institutions at all levels.

　　It is necessary to straighten out the relationship between the responsibilities of the central and local governments and give full play to their enthusiasm. On the one hand, it is necessary to refine the principle of "grading responsibility and giving priority to territorial management" and further strengthen the local subjective consciousness, responsibility and role in emergency response. On the other hand, it is necessary to strengthen the responsibilities of the central government in top-level design, planning and layout, overall coordination, overall promotion, supervision and implementation, and give better play to the guiding and coordinating role.

　　(B) Optimize the operational mechanism of emergency management

　　Operational mechanism is the functional basis of national emergency management system. Standardized and orderly operation mechanism is conducive to defining the tasks and priorities of emergency management. Emergency is a life cycle process including pre-event, incident, event and post-event. Emergency response is a whole chain management process including prevention and emergency preparation, monitoring and early warning, emergency treatment and rescue, and post-event recovery and reconstruction. Emergency management should cover the whole life cycle of emergencies, so as to achieve "no urgent response" beforehand, "emergency response" during the event, and "response after the event".

　　Emergency response should not only be managed in the whole process, but also focus on the key points; Only by grasping the key points can we be targeted. The ancients said, "Prevention is the best, rescue is the second, and abstinence is the next." General Secretary of the Supreme Leader stressed: "We must put the prevention of risks in a prominent position, and strive to avoid major risks or to survive and get by when there are major risks." [9] Prevention is the most economical, effective and safest way to do emergency management well. Emergencies often break out in places with the weakest management and the most hidden dangers that can’t be treated, which often causes the most uninformed and unprepared people to suffer the most serious damage. It is necessary to persist in moving forward the pass, do a good job in emergency prevention in an all-round way, grasp early and small signs, control emergencies at the grassroots level, resolve them in the bud and solve them locally.

　　(3) Improve the legal norms of emergency management.

　　Legal norms are the institutional basis of the national emergency management system. "No rules, no Fiona Fang." Systematic and complete system norms are conducive to reducing the uncertainty in emergency management activities and realizing scientific and orderly response. Leading organs and cadres at all levels should adhere to the rule of law thinking and the rule of law, do a good job in emergency management on the track of the rule of law, and manage people with the system.

　　On the one hand, we must build a scientific and complete institutional system. In view of the problems in emergency management activities, such as the lack of systems or conflicts between systems, the vague areas being neglected or multi-headed, we will implement the new requirements of comprehensively governing the country according to law, and build a three-dimensional system from different levels such as laws and regulations, policy documents, technical standards and emergency plans to provide a solid institutional framework for emergency response activities. On the other hand, it is necessary to improve the execution and binding force of the system. "It is not difficult to legislate, but it is difficult to enforce the law". The vitality of the system depends on its execution. In view of the phenomenon that the system norms become "scarecrow", "paper tiger" and "can’t be strictly enforced and implemented" in emergency management activities, it is necessary to improve the authoritative and efficient system implementation mechanism, strengthen the evaluation and supervision of system implementation, and make the system truly a hard constraint and a hard lever, which is effective and effective.

　　(D) to strengthen emergency management resources.

　　Resource guarantee is the logistics foundation of national emergency management system. "The soldiers and horses have not moved, and the food and grass go first." Adequate reserves of emergency resources such as manpower, material resources and financial resources are conducive to providing solid and reliable logistics support for emergency response activities. The General Secretary of the Supreme Leader emphasized: "Everything should be prepared from the disadvantages, strive for the best result, be prepared for anything, not panic when things happen, and firmly grasp the initiative." In contemporary society, all kinds of uncertain and unstable factors have obviously increased. "Be prepared for danger in times of peace, be prepared for thinking, and be prepared for nothing." To ensure emergency resources, we must adapt to the needs of effectively responding to various emergencies under complex conditions and adhere to the bottom line thinking. "It is better to be prepared than useless, and to be unprepared when not available." It is necessary to build a diversified reserve system such as physical reserve, contract reserve and capacity reserve, improve the procedures for emergency requisition and cross-regional dispatching of emergency resources, and prepare resources to meet the peak demand in extreme cases, so as to "prepare, find, adjust quickly and use well".

　　Science and technology are the primary productive forces. The rise of a new round of scientific and technological revolution has brought revolutionary changes to emergency management; The timely deployment of scientific and technological equipment and the bold use of scientific and technological means have greatly improved the level of emergency response. It is necessary to give full play to the role of science and technology empowerment, strengthen the technical support of emergency management equipment and the research and development of key technologies, and rely on science and technology to do a good job in risk prevention, monitoring and early warning, supervision and law enforcement, auxiliary command and decision-making, actual rescue and social mobilization, so as to improve the scientific, intelligent and refined level of emergency management.

　　(E) to create a safety culture of emergency management

　　Safety culture is the social foundation of the national emergency management system, which reflects the safety awareness and emergency skills of the whole society. The broad masses of the people are not only the main body of our protection, but also the strength we rely on to effectively deal with emergencies. While continuing to consolidate the advantages of the national disaster relief system and give full play to the strong leadership role of party committees and governments at all levels, we should better carry out disaster prevention work for the whole people, establish a mechanism for social forces and market forces to participate in emergency management in an orderly manner, improve public safety awareness and emergency response capabilities, and enhance the safety and resilience of the whole society.

　　To do a good job in emergency management, we must vigorously create a social atmosphere of "everyone cares about safety, everyone values safety, and everyone participates in safety". Leading cadres of party and government organs, employees of enterprises and institutions, media reporters, volunteers and the masses are all members of society. The formation of safety culture requires everyone’s active participation and joint efforts. It is necessary to incorporate emergency management education into the assessment, evaluation, education and training system of leading cadres at all levels, into the national education and spiritual civilization construction system, promote safety publicity into enterprises, rural areas, communities, schools and families, and consolidate the social foundation of emergency management.

[References]

[1][9] Supreme Leader. Speech at the Second Plenary Session of the Fifth Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee (excerpt) (October 29, 2015) [J]. Qiushi, 2016(1).

[2] Supreme Leader’s Talk on Governing the Country (Volume II) [M]. Beijing: foreign languages press, 2017:222.

[3] Supreme Leader. Improve the ability of prevention and control, focus on preventing and resolving major risks, and maintain sustained and healthy economic development and overall social stability [N]. People’s Daily, January 22, 2019.

[4] Supreme Leader. Explanation on "the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China’s Decision on Upholding and Perfecting the Socialism with Chinese characteristics System to Promote the Modernization of the National Governance System and Governance Capacity" [N]. People’s Daily, 2019-11-6.

[5][7] Supreme Leader. Speech at the The Politburo Standing Committee (PSC) Conference on the Work of Dealing with the novel coronavirus Epidemic (February 3, 2020) [J]. Qiushi, 2020(4).

[6] To study and strengthen the prevention and control of pneumonia in novel coronavirus [N]. People’s Daily, February 4, 2020.

[8] Supreme Leader. Give full play to the characteristics and advantages of China’s emergency management system and actively promote the modernization of China’s emergency management system and capacity [N]. People’s Daily, 2019-12-1.

Editor in charge: Zhang Shigui

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[Author] Li Ji, vice president of the Party School of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (National School of Administration).

　　On Tuesday, local time, US stocks finally got rid of the light market trend for more than a week, but unfortunately it was not a big rise but a big drop. The three major indexes closed down across the board, with the Dow down more than 300 points and the Nasdaq down 2%.

　　On the one hand, the power of the earnings season began to show, and giants such as McDonald’s and UPS warned that the macroeconomic prospects were not good in the earnings report. On the other hand, the deposits of Daiwa Bank in the United States dropped by 40%, and UBS’s net profit in the first quarter halved, all of which highlighted that the banking crisis had not completely subsided and the market risk aversion was ignited.

　　On Monday, the First Total Bank disclosed that even though Wall Street giants had jointly deposited 30 billion dollars, they lost over 70 billion dollars in the first quarter of this year alone. At the end of the first quarter, the deposit figure was only $104.5 billion, far below the $136.6 billion expected by analysts.

　　The first total and the bank lost 49.38% of its market value on Tuesday. In the news, the media reported that the bank was going to sell "50 billion to 100 billion dollars" of long-term assets to solve the mismatch problem. It is reported that Biden administration officials have been keeping in touch with Daikyo Bank in recent days, and the White House is increasingly worried that there is not much time left for Daikyo Bank to appease investors and depositors, but American policy makers are not worried that risks may spread further among banks.

　　It is worth noting that due to various indications that there are still many risk factors in the market, traders no longer bet 100% that the Fed will continue to raise interest rates before the middle of this year. According to the observation tool of the Federal Reserve, the probability of raising interest rates by 25 basis points in May fell to 81.5%, compared with 90.5% the previous day.

　　However, for technology stocks, the financial reports of Microsoft and Google have slightly eased some market concerns. AI and cloud services helped Microsoft’s financial report exceed expectations, with revenue of $52.9 billion, higher than analysts’ expectations of $51.03 billion; Earnings per share were $2.45, higher than analysts’ expectations of $2.24. More importantly, a strong profit guidance was released, which rose by 8% after hours.

　　Google’s parent company Alphabet’s revenue in the first quarter was $69.79 billion, higher than analysts’ expectations of $68.99 billion. Earnings per share was $1.17, higher than analysts’ expectations of $1.09. At the same time, it was announced that the board of directors authorized an additional repurchase of up to $70 billion. Google rose more than 4% after hours.

　　In addition, OpenAI plans to launch a new product, ChatGPT Business, which is the enterprise version in the next few months. At the same time, the new function of ChatGPT allows all users to turn off chat records, which will not be used to train and improve the model of OpenAI.

　　In terms of important macro news, according to Xinhua News Agency, US President and Democrat Biden officially announced his re-election as US President on the 25th. Biden released a video on the same day to officially announce his decision to run for re-election as president of the United States, and pointed his finger at the so-called Republican extremist forces, saying that the United States is still in the struggle of "fighting for the soul of the country" and he needs more time to "complete this work."

　　This means that next year, the world may once again witness the "peak confrontation" between Trump and Biden.

　　[overnight U.S. stocks]

　　Among the large Chinese stocks, Alibaba fell by 4.58%, Baidu by 4.63%, Netease by 6.35%, Tencent Music by 4.96% and Pinduoduo by 3.25%.

　　Among the large US technology stocks, Apple fell 0.94%, Amazon fell 3.43%, Google A fell 2.00% and Netflix fell 1.97%.

　　[global index]

　　[global goods]

　　The main contract of WTI crude oil closed at $77.26 per barrel, down 1.90%; The main contract of Brent crude oil closed at $80.76 per barrel, down 2.38%; The main contract of crude oil in the previous period closed at 551.20 yuan per barrel overnight, down 2.58%.

　　Overnight, the Shanghai gold main contract closed up 1.06% to 447.58 yuan per gram; The main contract of Shanghai Bank closed down 0.16% to 5622.00 yuan per kilogram.

　　[overnight news]

　　Biden officially announced his re-election as president of the United States.

　　According to Xinhua News Agency, U.S. President and Democrat Joe Biden officially announced his re-election campaign on the 25th. Biden released a video on the same day to officially announce his decision to run for re-election as president of the United States, and pointed his finger at the so-called Republican extremist forces, saying that the United States is still in the struggle of "fighting for the soul of the country" and he needs more time to "complete this work."

　　Biden is 80 years old. In the 2020 US presidential election, he defeated Trump, the then US president and Republican, and became the US president in January 2021.

　　Banking crisis worries have re-suppressed the market’s interest rate hike pricing for the Fed.

　　The interest rate swap contract of the Federal Reserve in June currently reflects that the benchmark interest rate of the central bank is only 20 basis points higher than the current effective federal funds rate, which implies that the possibility of raising interest rates in one of the next two FOMC meetings is about 80%, while it was almost certain that the Fed would raise interest rates in May.

　　The debt ceiling deadlock is hard to solve. The White House says Biden will veto the Republican bundled spending reduction plan.

　　The Republican proposal put forward by House Speaker McCarthy requires that the debt ceiling of $1.5 trillion be raised and the future total government expenditure be reduced by $4.5 trillion. On Tuesday, the White House said that the debt ceiling must be solved without any conditions. Also on Tuesday, US Treasury Secretary Yellen warned lawmakers that if the debt ceiling is not resolved, the economic achievements made in the past two years will be threatened.

　　New Governor of Bank of Japan: Tightening monetary policy now may lead to serious consequences.

　　Industry insiders predict that Ueda and Kazuo may choose "a cautious start" for their first monetary policy meeting this Friday, but they do not rule out the possibility of changes in June.

　　Argentina’s inflation exceeded 100% for the first time in 30 years.

　　As the inflation rate exceeded 100% for the first time in 30 years, and the record drought dealt a heavy blow to agriculture-related industries, Argentina’s economic activity remained stagnant in February, with GDP increasing by 0% month-on-month and only 0.2% year-on-year. But high inflation does not seem to cool down in a short time. Argentina’s central bank predicts that the country’s inflation rate will reach 110% in 2023.

　　[company news]

　　Prosus, the major shareholder of Tencent, resold 789,600 shares of Tencent, and its shareholding ratio dropped to 25.99%.

　　Prosus, the largest shareholder of Tencent and the Dutch subsidiary of South African Naspers Group, announced in official website on April 25th local time that in order to continue to implement the repurchase plan, Prosus sold 789,600 ordinary shares of Tencent on April 25th, 2023, and its shareholding ratio dropped to 25.99%. In addition, as part of the repurchase plan, during the period from April 17, 2023 to April 21, 2023, Prosus repurchased 2,651,096 shares of Prosus at an average price of 698,795 euros per share, with a total consideration of about 185 million euros.

　　Resist the impact of Microsoft AI, Google search returns to growth in the first quarter, and the cloud business turns losses into profits.

　　In the first quarter, Alphabet’s revenue and profit were better than expected. The year-on-year growth rate of revenue exceeded expectations and accelerated to 3%. EPS profit decreased by 4.9%, less than half of market expectations. Google’s advertising revenue fell by 0.2%, which was much lower than expected, and its search revenue changed from 3.6% in the fourth quarter to nearly 2%. YouTube advertising revenue fell less than expected; Google Cloud changed from an operating loss of more than $700 million a year ago to a profit of 190 million; The expenses related to layoffs and office space reduction in the first quarter were $2.6 billion. Alphabet announced that it plans to buy back up to $70 billion in shares.

　　AI and cloud services help Microsoft’s financial report exceed expectations.

　　After the close of trading on Tuesday, Microsoft announced its financial data for the third quarter. Among them, the revenue was 52.9 billion US dollars, which was higher than the analyst’s expectation of 51.03 billion US dollars; Earnings per share were $2.45, higher than analysts’ expectations of $2.24. In terms of main business, revenue from productivity and business services reached $17.5 billion, up 11% year-on-year; Intelligent cloud’s revenue was US$ 22.1 billion, up 16% year-on-year; Personal computer business revenue was $13.3 billion, a year-on-year decrease of 9%. After the financial report was released, Microsoft’s share price rose more than 8% after hours.

　　Microsoft CEO Nadella said in a statement that the company’s performance indicates the beginning of a "new era of computing", and the world’s most advanced artificial intelligence model is being combined with the world’s most common user interface-natural language.

　　OpenAI will launch a new paid product, ChatGPT Enterprise Edition, and add a new function to "appease" supervision.

　　OpenAI plans to launch a new product ChatGPTBusiness in the next few months, and introduce a new subscription group for ChatGPT to meet the needs of corporate customers. In addition, the new function of ChatGPT allows all users to close the chat record, which will not be used to train and improve the model of OpenAI; ChatGPT data can also be exported to users’ mailboxes.

　　UBS’s quarterly results were bleak, but after the $3.2 billion acquisition, it successfully "retained" $28 billion of Credit Suisse’s client funds.

　　UBS released a quarterly report that after the announcement of the acquisition of Credit Suisse, the wealth management department of UBS obtained a net increase of 28 billion US dollars, of which 7 billion US dollars flowed in in the last ten days of March alone. However, on the whole, UBS’s first-quarter report card is still disappointing: its total revenue decreased by 7% year-on-year to $8.74 billion, its net interest income decreased by 22% year-on-year to $1.39 billion, and its net profit decreased by 52% year-on-year to $1.03 billion, setting a record for the lowest quarterly profit in three years. All three results were lower than market expectations. UBS said that the acquisition of Credit Suisse in the second quarter will actively reduce the risk and resource consumption of Credit Suisse’s investment banking business.

　　After the "escape" of deposits, the first total and the bank brewed self-help and considered selling assets of up to 100 billion US dollars.

　　According to the media, First Total Bank may give warrants or preferred shares to potential buyers, including big American banks, to encourage them to buy assets of the bank above the market value; The bank tried to strengthen its balance sheet, avoid being taken over by the regulator FDIC, and clear the way for possible financing in the future.

　　Apple is developing AI-driven health guidance services and emotional tracking functions.

　　According to informed sources, Apple is developing an AI-driven health guidance service, which will be available as soon as next year. For this year’s WWDC, Apple will release the user emotion tracking function and the first health monitoring application for iPad devices.

　　[financial calendar]

Special feature of 1905 film network On April 8, 2022, a fantasy adventure film directed by, mads mikkelsen, and starring was released in national cinemas. As the third part of the Fantastic Animals series, the film’s reputation was low and its performance was not satisfactory.

In the quick question-and-answer session, Liu Yanyan, a visiting professor, director and screenwriter of Beijing Film Academy, gave humorous answers to the host’s questions.

The Fantastic Animals series is very interesting. As a series of movies, each one has a different style. In the first part, the relaxed and interesting magical animals attracted many audiences, while in the second part, it began to become deep and difficult to understand. In the third part, The Mystery of Dumbledore began to take the popcorn route again and played the emotional card. What is the problem with such a series of films with inconsistent tonality?

The tonality of the first Fantastic Beasts and Where to Find Them is the closest to that of the Harry Potter series, and it does not show a complete adult magic world. Although the protagonist Newt is an adult, he maintains his innocence. "Fantastic Animals: The Crime of Grindelwald" began to want to turn the series to more mature and adult topics, and to change the works of children to a wider age, so as to be more convenient for the audience to substitute. For example, Newt’s brother works in the Ministry of Magic and thinks that he should find a decent job within the system, which is a copy of real history and a re-expression of discourse expression. It can be said that the fact that the tonality of each series is different is the business plan of the creative team, but there are problems in its implementation. For example, the role of Grindelwald has changed corners, and what happened in the objective world has affected the presentation of the magical world in the film.

Originally, Grindelwald was played by, and Fantastic Animals: The Mystery of Dumbledore was changed to mads mikkelsen. Liu Yanyan said: "These two are very good, but they are not the same type of actors. Depp, an actor, belongs to him sitting on the side of the road. When you pass by, you will take a look, because you will feel that this person’s temperament is very strange and always carries an unstable factor; At first glance, Micol Sen is the kind of person who has experienced everything. He is particularly calm in his heart. He has seen everything and won’t panic. No matter what kind of business leader he is, he must be the backbone of his business. Choosing two completely different types of actors in tandem will have problems with the coherence of tonality. "

"Fantastic Animals: The Mystery of Dumbledore" encountered a storm of temporary angle change, but the temporary angle change was not the key reason for the low reputation. Many bad reviews mentioned that the film’s plot was dull and lengthy, and its logic was weak. It put too much pen and ink on Dumbledore and Grindelwald, two close friends and enemies, and gave up the control of the main plot and the much-anticipated magical animals. What "hidden rules" does this reflect in the operation of Hollywood film projects? First of all, the most fatal problem is that they don’t stick to their original intention, bow to the flow excessively, are keen on speculating the so-called CP, encroach on the normal narrative atmosphere, do nothing in the drama, and damage the quality of the product itself for marketing. The characters in the film are quietly laid very deep in the first two films, and as a result, in the third film, they suddenly become just characters from villains, which is very unconvincing because they lose the support of the dramatic structure. The film’s handling of the transition from rhythm to combination is also lacking, which does not give the audience a refreshing feeling of climax scenes, and does not have the basic ethics of transition from combination as a commercial film.

Liu Yanyan mentioned: "Like playing house, everyone took the characters to the place where the incident happened, put them there, pressed a button to do it, and there was nothing beyond expectations. This is actually the amusement park mentioned by some excellent American directors when they criticized superhero movies in recent years, saying that this is not a movie, but an entertainment project in an amusement park. When you sit in it, you know exactly how to upset you and turn you, and the next movie is still the same.

To build a brand, the core logic needs long-term development, which is just contradictory to traffic thinking. One of the important reasons for the success of the Harry Potter series is that it has not completely bowed to the flow, but has its own persistence, winning by narrative and completely portraying the characters and the world, and at the same time, telling the story with great restraint, which will not change the plot because of the audience’s hope. Many British national treasure actors appeared in Harry Potter, but they often left after a guest appearance. At the same time, the United States produced a number of classic original remakes of movies, such as percy jackson series and very famous series, and their embrace of traffic was much higher than that of Harry Potter series. From this point of view, the interesting thing about Fantastic Animals series is that it came from the early days before the flood of Hollywood superheroes, and its transformation is epochal, and it can be seen that it struggled when the traffic was rampant. Liu Yanyan thinks: "Fantastic Animals is a good research specimen for the film industry." It can be said that the birth of "Fantastic Animals" series has two eras.

At present, the planning of the series is to shoot five films, and some viewers have begun to call for a new director for the latter two films. Can a new director solve the current problem? In this regard, Liu Yanyan held a negative attitude: "I don’t think so. If the director of the next film changes and there is no change, then you will know that the problem of the film is not the director, but the producer. The producers in Hollywood are very strong. Commercial films like this series are stable in business, and the directors don’t have much right to speak. The damage to a film industry is obvious. If you really get a son of destiny and turn decadence into magic, you need a very strong game ability with the producers, and the producers must be determined to decentralize before they can turn the tide and return the film to a more comfortable direction. "

"Fantastic Animals" series films bear the romantic feelings of countless magic fans. In other words, it is a series of magical films. I hope the producers can learn this lesson and stick to themselves instead of catering to the market, which will eventually damage the film and make people who love it sad and lost. Looking forward to the series rekindling the magic of magic, so that fans can continue to unite and believe in magic together!

　　On October 27th, 2016, the inaugural meeting of Electrical Technology Branch of China Automotive Engineering Society was held in Shanghai Automobile Exhibition Center. The conference was presided over by Ning Xiaoyang, senior consultant of China Auto Parts Industry Company and chairman of China Auto Parts Electronic and Electrical Development Center. More than 100 experts and scholars from more than 50 auto and electrical industries and related industries, including Yan Jianlai, deputy secretary general of China Automotive Engineering Society, Chen Kangren, executive director of China Auto Parts Industry Company, Zhang Hongye, general manager, Yin Xiaoping, deputy general manager and Min Xinhe, deputy general manager, attended the conference.

　　The meeting announced the approval of the establishment of the Electrical Technology Branch of the China Automotive Engineering Society, and announced the list of branch organizations as follows:

　　Chairman: Min Xinhe

　　Vice-chairmen (in no particular order): Wang Laisheng, Tang Manru, Wang Xin, Wang Shunxing, Xiao Yang, Jiang Mingquan, Fang Xingya and Qin Hong.

　　Secretary General: Zhang Guofeng　　　　　　　

　　Deputy Secretaries-General (in no particular order): Li Yinglie, An Yan and Jason.

　　Members (in no particular order): Wang Yinghui, Yu Xiangyang, Wang Yadong, Liu Weihua, Meng Xianglin, Li Putian, Tian Wangxing, Mao Ming, Zhang Huixiu, Wang Guodong, Ni Junquan, Zhang Xianjun, An Dongxia, Li Deguo, Qian Jiandong and Wang Zhijian.

　　At the meeting, Yan Jianlai, deputy secretary-general of China Automotive Engineering Society, pointed out that the Electrical Technology Branch should adhere to the concept of serving its members and the industry, formulate the Work Regulations of the Electrical Technology Branch of China Automotive Engineering Society as soon as possible, and strictly supervise funds and organize activities.

　　Zhang Hongye, general manager of China Auto Parts Industry Company, said that the establishment of the Electrical Technology Branch of China Automotive Engineering Society will further establish the communication mechanism between the industry and the government, industry and industry, and industry and society. At the same time, it will give full play to the advantages of the platform of the Society and play a role as a bridge and link in carrying out academic exchanges, standards and norms, the combination of Industry-University-Research’s use, the establishment of technological innovation system, and the promotion of new technologies, so as to better promote the better and faster development of enterprises in China’s automotive and electrical industries.

　　Min Xinhe, chairman of the Electrical Technology Branch of China Automotive Engineering Society, said that the Electrical Technology Branch of China Automotive Engineering Society is a non-profit social group that promotes the development of automotive electrical disciplines, creates an atmosphere of independent innovation, builds a platform, recommends talents, and unites and condenses scientific and technological workers in the automotive electrical industry through academic exchanges, academic evaluations and academic standardization activities; It is an organization that works under the leadership of China Automotive Engineering Society and the guidance of relevant government departments; It is the bridge and link between the party and the government to contact the scientific and technological personnel in the automotive electrical industry; Is an assistant to the government’s industry management.

　　According to Min Xinhe, chairman of the Electrical Technology Branch of the China Automotive Engineering Society, "after the establishment of the branch, we will actively strive to do the following:

　　(1) Consciously accept the leadership and management of China Automotive Engineering Society, and strengthen the communication between the government and the industry. In accordance with the purpose of the branch, actively develop members, expand their professional fields and professional fields, promote exchanges and cooperation among automobile and electrical enterprises, enhance members’ sense of social responsibility, and continuously enhance the industrial influence of the electrical technology branch.

　　(2) Serve the members wholeheartedly, serve the industry, promptly publicize the policies and regulations of the Party and the government on industrial development, provide legal advice and various scientific and technological information services, actively reflect the reasonable opinions, demands and suggestions of members to the government and relevant departments, earnestly safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of members, and make the branch truly become a warm home for members.

　　(3) Build a technical service platform, provide services and information on R&D design, testing and certification, information dissemination, training and exchange, exhibitions and other aspects for members, establish an industry expert database, assist enterprises to overcome difficulties, organize members to carry out various academic exchange activities, and jointly promote the electrical industry to become bigger and stronger;

　　(four) to strengthen cooperation and coordinated development with various technical organizations in the electrical industry, complement each other’s advantages, enhance unity and cooperation among members, promote friendly exchanges of foreign technical cooperation, and bring value to members and enterprises. "

On the afternoon of March 28th, the State Council Joint Prevention and Control Mechanism held a press conference to introduce the vaccination and supply guarantee in COVID-19. As of March 27th, 2021, 102.417 million doses of Covid-19 vaccine have been reported in various places.

About COVID-19 vaccine, the conference also introduced these latest news.

1. What should I do if I am not sure if I am suitable for vaccination?

If it really belongs to the vaccination taboo, it is impossible to provide vaccination services. If it is listed in the vaccination items, it is recommended to tell the vaccination doctor truthfully before vaccination. So that doctors can fully evaluate and determine whether it is suitable for vaccination.

2. How long is the vaccine protection period?

COVID-19 vaccine is a new vaccine. According to the antibody level, it will be monitored for more than six months. But we also know that antibody is not the only protective indicator, and there are other factors in the process of vaccine’s function. Therefore, we should do relevant research on the persistence of the vaccine to confirm how long its protection period is.

3. I have been vaccinated with COVID-19 vaccine. Do I need to be vaccinated again?

According to Zhongsheng of Sinopharm, during the whole clinical research, it is now observed that the persistence of vaccine protection is about half a year, and the persistence of neutralizing antibodies is also about half a year. In the clinical process of the overall design, the booster needle was designed to observe the persistence and protection level of antibodies. At present, the preliminary results show that booster needle can effectively improve the titer of neutralizing antibodies, effectively improve the persistence of antibodies, and also effectively improve the anti-mutation ability of vaccines.

In the future, phase III clinical research will be carried out overseas to continuously observe the persistence of antibodies and protection. Is it necessary to carry out booster vaccination? When will you call? Still have to answer according to the results of the next three clinical studies.

4. What is the preventive effect of COVID-19 vaccine?

The vaccine itself can prevent infection, morbidity, severe illness and death. Now, the effectiveness result we get is the result of our clinical experiment. With the application of the vaccine, we will also carry out related research on its protective effect after marketing.

5. How to ensure the supply of vaccines in COVID-19?

On the one hand, actively and steadily expand the vaccination service capacity, optimize the vaccine distribution process, and improve the efficiency of circulation and operation. To scientifically arrange the turnover quantity of vaccines, the requirement is not to overstock the inventory, and to increase the number of inoculation points and inoculation stations in various ways to meet the vaccination needs of the masses. On the other hand, it is necessary to strengthen the linkage between departments and coordinate the industrial and information departments to strengthen the supply guarantee of vaccines.

6. After the first injection, how long is the best time to inject the second injection?

After the first dose of vaccination, the interval between the second dose of vaccination should be greater than or equal to three weeks, and the second dose of vaccination should be completed as soon as possible within 8 weeks after the first dose of vaccine.

7. If you catch up with a business trip or go out, can you get a second shot in a different place?

According to the guidelines, it is recommended to use the varieties of the same enterprise as much as possible to complete two doses of vaccination. If the same variety is not available in different places, then other vaccine products of the same kind can be replaced to complete two doses of vaccination.

Effective period

8. If I miss the second dose of vaccination for some reason, how can I make it up?

For those who have not completed 2 or 3 doses of COVID-19 vaccine according to the procedure, it is suggested to replant as soon as possible. There is no need to restart the immunization program, just replant and complete the corresponding dose.

9. Some vaccine developers have been vaccinated in February and March last year. What are the antibodies in these people?

Some people, as the vanguard of vaccines, have been vaccinated with inactivated vaccines in COVID-19. We are constantly monitoring the change data of antibodies in their bodies. At present, we have obtained the antibody monitoring data for 9 months. Judging from the current data, the antibodies in 9 months still have a certain level. We will continue to strengthen monitoring in the future.

10. Will foreign virus variation affect the effectiveness of existing vaccines?

Vaccine research and development units and production units pay great attention to dealing with the variation problem. Two inactivated vaccines of Sinopharm Group China Bio, using the serum after the second and third clinical trials at home and abroad, have carried out cross-comprehensive experiments on the strains found in South Africa and Britain, as well as more than 10 strains found in different regions and epidemic areas in China. The results show that neutralizing antibodies produced by the two inactivated vaccines have a good neutralizing effect on these strains. Small variation of the virus will not affect the antigenicity of the vaccine, that is, the vaccine will be effective without variation of protective antigen, especially the whole virus inactivated vaccine.

11. How to advance the national plan for vaccination of the elderly?

At present, Beijing, Shanghai and other regions have been vaccinated with Covid-19 vaccine for some elderly people over 60 years old and patients with chronic diseases who are willing to be vaccinated and in good physical condition under the premise of fully evaluating the health status and infection risk of the vaccinated objects. In the next step, we will actively and steadily promote the vaccination of people over 60 years old and patients with chronic diseases in combination with the use effect of vaccines in large-scale populations.

12. When will people under the age of 18 be vaccinated?

Last year, the phase I/II clinical research conducted by China Bio in Henan covered the systematic, safe and immunogenic clinical research of the young age group of 3-17 years old. At present, the safety data of this age group have been completely obtained, and the expected results have been achieved. The detection of immunogenicity and neutralizing antibodies has also been completed. We will communicate with the Food and Drug Administration in the near future, and I believe that this group of people can be covered in the near future.

(Source: Henan CDC)

Original title: "12 questions about COVID-19 vaccine, look at the answer"

Read the original text

Original title: The anti-epidemic documentary film Days and Nights in Wuhan shocked the audience by showing the heroic city war epidemic story in Han Dynasty.

Record life with life, and create a heroic hymn of ordinary people. The first domestic anti-epidemic documentary film co-produced by the Propaganda Department of Hubei Provincial Party Committee, Film Channel and Hubei Radio and Television Station held a special screening ceremony for Hubei media at Kaide 1818 Lumiere Cinema in Wuchang on the afternoon of 16th. During the epidemic in COVID-19 at the beginning of last year, the photojournalist of Changjiang Daily was always on the front line of anti-epidemic, and his work was selected as the material for the anti-epidemic documentary film Days and Nights in Wuhan. More than a dozen Hubei media reporters, representatives of some hospitals and communities in Wuhan, and some filming teams that provided materials for Days and Nights in Wuhan watched the film.

Not a voice-over, not a line.

Sun Tzu recited Tang poems to cheer up his grandfather in the intensive care unit; The husband cried in front of the camera, saying that his wife wanted to live and made delicious food and sent it to the hospital. Medical couples in Jinyintan Hospital spend the night in the car outside the hospital to avoid infecting their families … …

There is no popular actor and no designed acting skills. Every character and story in Days and Nights in Wuhan comes from the real record at the peak of Wuhan epidemic last year. The film was shot by more than 30 photographers in several hospitals, and many shots went deep into the intensive care unit. The audience could see scenes that they could not see at ordinary times: medical staff feeding patients, changing medicine, turning over and scrubbing their bodies, including surgery and rescue.

The camera was also aimed at the patients’ families and volunteers outside the hospital. They also fought to win time for the patients’ recovery and the smooth delivery of pregnant women. These pictures have no processing or rendering, and truly show the real picture of people fighting the epidemic in a city.

The most touching picture in the film is that just after a patient was sent away, a little life came into this world crying. This is the alternation of death and life, which is the continuation of life hope. The birth of a little life also smeared a bunch of bright colors for the world.

Dozens of times in the film, the images of Wuhan city were inserted, from the initial dark clouds, to the bright lights in the three towns during the joint fight against the epidemic, to the turning of Wuhan into safety when cherry blossoms were in full bloom. Raindrops from the Yellow Crane Tower, lonely cyclists on the Yangtze River Bridge, birds on the branches of hospitals, and the streets and alleys in Wuhan seemed to all talk, telling that our city was in a critical moment, we were United as one, we were fighting, and we would surely defeat the virus.

More than 1000 hours of precious materials, 30 first-line photographers of war and epidemic, recorded their lives with their lives, and created heroic hymns of ordinary people. The film didn’t use a voice-over or write a line. Everything is extremely real, and it conveys more love and warmth, which is to cherish our hard-won happy life now.

"Delicate restraint, gentle telling", "plain with the power to hit people’s hearts", "the lens language is full of beauty" and "the real record is better than the top performance" … … Many people expressed such admiration after watching it.

The medical staff looked down with tears all the time.

"The whole process was seen with tears. The camera language brought me to that moment last year, when my colleagues and I joined hands to die. Seeing the medical staff in the movie, I also saw my colleagues and I were there. "

After the screening, Chen Sheng, a doctor’s representative from Wuhan No.7 Hospital, said that the most impressive scene was the baby’s first cry in the morning, which suddenly pulled his heart up. At that time, his tears could not stop flowing downwards, because it represented new life and hope.

Chen Sheng’s colleague, Dr. Chen Huifang, said that she also watched it with tears in her eyes. This film brought her back to the difficult period of fighting the encounter. She saw the figure of her colleague and the story of the heroic Wuhan people. What moved her in particular was to see an old man in the film who remained optimistic, strong and humorous after more than ten days of treatment, and the scene of the birth of a newborn. The tenacity of life made her shed tears.

Yao Shanglong, the chief physician from Wuhan Union Medical College Hospital, is not only an anti-epidemic fighter, but also a person who recovered from COVID-19 infection. After watching Days and Nights in Wuhan, Yao Shanglong said with emotion that he spent more than 30 days and nights in the ward a year ago. He saw not only doctors but also patients. He experienced volunteers driving him home and community staff serving him, which fully demonstrated that Wuhan is a heroic city. This epidemic is ruthless, but there is love in the world, which fully embodies the spirit of great love of Wuhan people. It will be difficult for everyone in 2020, and everyone will be great.

What the film gives him is objective, real and touching, with life and death in it, but it gives people positive energy, the optimism of our medical staff and our patients, and the support of our family and all walks of life. During his stay in hospital, it was these that made Yao Shanglong finally overcome his illness.

The film Days and Nights in Wuhan uses a lot of video materials from Tan Haiyan’s team of Hubei Radio and Television Station. After watching the screening, Tan Haiyan and photographers Wu Qin and Wang Wei were interviewed. Tan Haiyan said that this is the fourth time she has watched a film. What is different this time is that she watched it in the cinema for the first time. The fourth time I saw her, I still shed tears. The scene that made her cry was that the film changed from the first act to the second act, which was the empty mirror of Wuhan city. It’s so beautiful. She knows that it’s not easy for all the heroes of Wuhan people to be behind this beauty. It’s only after 76 days of fighting that we got such a beautiful night scene. (Reporter: Wan Jianhui)

Original Liu yaning titanium media

Ti du tu Wen yi Bai si phase 2

▎ Spring Festival pet foster care "a nest is hard to find".

Editor | Liu Yaning Sun Cheng

Drawing | Chu Yan Mo

Planning and Production | Titanium Media Visual Center

During the Spring Festival, for pet owners who have travel plans, "staying behind" pets has become a big problem.

During the Spring Festival, the orders of pet foster care institutions around the country increased greatly, and there was a situation that "one cage is hard to find", and the price also rose. Some foster care institutions launched SVIP rooms as high as 1299 yuan/day, and the price was comparable to that of five-star hotels. In addition to pet foster care, "door-to-door feeding" is also a more cost-effective choice for pet owners. During the Spring Festival, the lowest price for door-to-door feeding of pet cats in Beijing is in 100 yuan/time, which is about 25 yuan’s holiday fare increase compared with the usual door-to-door feeding price.

For businesses, it is natural not to miss this good opportunity to make money. Pet foster care service is becoming a hot business. Before this year’s Spring Festival, Box Horse launched services such as on-site pet feeding and dog walking in Shanghai during the Spring Festival. The original price was 128 yuan, and the snapping price was 98 yuan.

In order to make pets have a good Spring Festival, pet owners and businesses have exhausted their minds. How is the pet foster care business during the Spring Festival? Which companies have laid out pet foster care business? This issue of titanium media and titanium map brings you attention.

The price of pet foster care per night is equal to that of five-star hotels.

Home feeding is more cost-effective

During the Spring Festival, many pet shops received a large number of foster care orders. The demand for pet foster care in Shanghai pet foster care shop this Spring Festival has increased by about 30% compared with last year. In October 2023, customers in Beijing pet foster care shop began to book rooms during the Spring Festival, and in December 2023, pet foster care rooms were fully booked. The owner of pet foster care in Guangzhou said that he would receive more than a thousand foster care orders during the Spring Festival. It is found that in some pet shops in Beijing, the Spring Festival foster care service should be reserved 15 -60 days in advance, which can be described as "a nest is hard to find".

The strong demand has also pushed up the price of pet foster care. Some pet owners said that the cost of pet foster care for 8 days during the Spring Festival has even been equal to the rent of apartment rooms in Beijing. The data of several pet foster care shops in Beijing were selected, and it was found that most pet shops have introduced rooms with different stalls, and basically every foster pet shop is equipped with a camera for pet owners to check the situation in real time. In addition, cleaning and disinfection are also standard in pet shops. In some rooms with higher fees, its supporting services will also increase services such as massage, accompanying play, free shuttle and bathing in the sun.

In some pet shops for cats, the price of some ordinary rooms is 100-200 yuan/day, and the daily price of luxury rooms is as high as 500 yuan. The difference between "deluxe room" and "ordinary room" lies in the size of the room, the number of cats accommodated and the supporting services. The price of "Sunshine Suite" in a pet shop in Sanlitun, Beijing is 899 yuan/day, and the daily price of "SVIP Room" in a pet shop in Baiziwan, Beijing is 1000 yuan/day, and the daily foster care price exceeds that of five-star hotels.

In addition, the price of foster dogs is higher than that of cats. In the pet shop in Sanlitun, Beijing, the price of the same type of room type foster dog is 100-300 yuan/day more expensive than that of the cat. If the foster care is calculated as 8 days during the Spring Festival, at least 800 yuan is needed, which is equivalent to the cat’s living expenses for nearly two months. If you want pets to receive better services, the total cost of foster care can reach 10392 yuan.

It is worth noting that in addition to foster cats and dogs, some pet shops offer foster rabbits and birds, and the daily price is below 100 yuan.

In addition to pet foster care, door-to-door feeding of pets is gradually becoming popular. Before the Spring Festival, there will be advertisements for door-to-door feeding services on social platforms, community corridors, elevators and other places. Most of these people who provide feeding services are private, and such people will label themselves as professionals such as "senior pet owners and pet store clerks". Door-to-door feeding services include food cleaning, adding food and water, shoveling excrement and adding sand, interactive play, health monitoring and so on. The charging standard varies according to the distance, the number of pets and holidays.

According to the titanium media and titanium map, the service price of door-to-door cat feeding in Beijing includes five aspects: cat feeding service fee, basic door-to-door fee, fare increase per kilometer, fare increase for multiple cats and fare increase on holidays. Among them, the prices of more than half of the "pet caregivers" are between 31 yuan and 40 yuan, and the average prices are 35.9 yuan/time and 37.7 yuan/time respectively; The average price of fare increase for "pet tutors" whose door-to-door distance exceeds 1km is 6.6 yuan/time, and the average price of fare increase for feeding one more cat is 7.4 yuan/time.

On holidays, almost all "pet caregivers" will increase their prices, with the range of 11-30 yuan/time accounting for over 70%, and the average price is 25.7 yuan. According to the lowest price during the Spring Festival, the daily price of feeding a cat at home is 99.3 yuan/day. Door-to-door feeding service can be selected once every 2-3 days, and the total cost during the Spring Festival is about 200-300 yuan, which is more cost-effective and cost-effective than pet foster care shops that have to pay every day.

Pet foster care business continues to heat up

There are more than 30,000 related enterprises registered in China.

The data shows that in 2023, the number of pet dogs in China was 51.75 million, an increase of 1.1% over 2022; The number of pet cats is 69.8 million, an increase of 6.8% compared with 2022; The consumption market of urban pets (dogs and cats) is 279.3 billion yuan, an increase of 3.2% compared with 2022. In the pet consumption market of more than 200 billion yuan, more and more pet supporting services are applied. The pet business is said to be a gold-sucking business for enterprises, and more and more brands are eyeing the pet service.

Before the Spring Festival this year, Box Horse APP launched the Spring Festival pet door-to-door feeding and dog walking service in Shanghai. Professional pet companions have more than one year’s experience in raising pets independently, and broadcast live video of the whole process to the owner.

It is reported that the service can only be used during the Spring Festival, and the date can be from the 27th of the twelfth lunar month to the 7th day of the first lunar month. The main contents of the service are changing water and feeding food at home, walking the dog and playing with you. This service was completed by the cooperation of Box Horse and unigo, a pet service brand. The company was established in June 2022, and mainly engaged in pet bathing, pet grooming, dog walking and door-to-door feeding services.

At present, there are more than 30,000 enterprises in China whose enterprise names, business scope or products and services include "pet foster care", and most of these enterprises were established between 2016 and 2020. Among them, in 2016, the registered growth rate of "pet foster care" related enterprises was the fastest, reaching 96.8%; In 2019, the number of registered enterprises related to "pet foster care" was the largest, reaching 7880. In terms of geographical distribution, Shanghai has the largest number of "pet foster care" related enterprises, reaching 3898; In addition, the number of "pet foster care" related enterprises in Guangdong Province and Jiangsu Province also exceeds 2,000.

Whether foster care or door-to-door feeding, there are certain security risks. In pet foster care, it is difficult to guarantee the sanitation of foster care environment, and pet shop staff are not well cared for. In the aspect of door-to-door feeding, it is not uncommon that the property of the pet owner is lost and the door-to-door feeding personnel are bitten by pets during feeding. At present, the pet foster care industry is still in an "extensive" state, and there is no unified service standard for pet foster care in the industry. In the future, the pet industry still needs to be further standardized to reduce security risks, so that this service can develop more sustainably.

* Data sources: Tianyancha, Maoxiang applet, public comments, Billion Power and other public information.

Today is World Environment Day.

World theme:Defend the blue sky, I am an actor.

China theme:Beautiful China, I am an actor.

Shaanxi theme:Beautiful Sanqin, national action

June 5th is World Environment Day.

On June 5, 1972, the United Nations held the first conference on human environment in Stockholm, Sweden, and adopted the famous Declaration on Human Environment and the Action Plan to protect the global environment. The 1,300 delegates from 113 countries and regions attending the conference suggested that the opening day of the conference be "World Environment Day".

On June 5th every year, the United Nations Environment Programme selects a member country to hold the commemoration of "World Environment Day", publishes the Annual Report on the Status of the Environment and commends the "Top 500 in the World", and formulates the theme of "World Environment Day" according to the world’s major environmental problems and environmental hotspots of that year.

In 2019, World Environment Day will be hosted by China, and its home event will be held in Hangzhou. On June 5th, the Ministry of Ecology and Environment and the United Nations Environment Programme will jointly host the World Environment Day Global Home Event in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province.

In order to protect the ecological environment, in 2008, China began to implement the "Plastic Restriction Order". For 11 years, what about the use of plastic bags in Xi ‘an? Yesterday (June 4th), the reporter from Huashang Daily visited several supermarkets and farmers’ markets in Xi ‘an and found that there were still a large number of plastic bags in use.

A number of supermarkets and farmers’ markets in Xi ‘an still have a large number of plastic bags in use. Vision china data map

Phenomenon: Old people often bring their own cloth bags.

On December 31st, 2007, the General Office of the State Council issued a notice on restricting the production, sale and use of plastic shopping bags, which was called "plastic restriction order" by the masses. The "Plastic Restriction Order" stipulates: "From June 1, 2008, the production, sale and use of plastic shopping bags with a thickness of less than 0.025mm are prohibited nationwide". Since June 1, 2008, the system of paid use of plastic shopping bags has been implemented in all supermarkets, shopping malls, bazaars and other retail places, and plastic shopping bags are not allowed to be provided free of charge.

Yesterday morning, the reporter saw in Yonghui Supermarket near Park South Road in Xi ‘an that there was a lot of people flowing. In the vegetable area, fruit area and grain area, there were free pre-packaged bags. Most customers used a separate bag for every purchase. An old lady who is choosing dishes has a cloth bag hanging on her shoulder. "This is my special cloth bag for buying vegetables. The shopping bag that can be carried in the supermarket is charged. I have this to save money and protect the environment." The old lady said, "My cloth bag will be washed once in a few days, and it is very clean to use."

The reporter of Huashang Daily noticed that many elderly people in supermarkets are carrying cloth bags or other reusable bags.

Supermarket: Free prepackaged bags are used in large quantities.

Mr. Lu, a staff member in the vegetable area of the supermarket, said: "Free prepackaged bags can use 2-3 rolls per day on average, with about 1,000 bags per roll. Compared with the plastic bags charged at the checkout counter, these free bags are used more."

Customer service supervisor Mao Dandan has worked in this supermarket for 10 years. "Shopping bags used at the checkout are all charged, small two hairs and big three hairs. Under normal circumstances, the number of shopping bags charged per month can be 20,000-30,000. In the peak period of the Chinese New Year holiday, the number of shopping bags charged per month can be 40,000-50,000. "

Mao Dandan said: "Overall, compared with before 2008, the use of plastic bags has declined, but it is difficult to eliminate it. Young people think that buying a plastic bag is not much money, and they can use it as garbage bags when they go home."

Yesterday morning, the reporter from Huashang Daily came to CR Vanguard Supermarket near Xiying Road. A staff member in the vegetable area and fruit area said: "You can use 6 rolls of prepackaged bags every day, with about 500 bags per roll." A staff member of the customer service department said: "Shopping plastic bags cost 2 cents for small bags and 3 cents for large bags. On average, you can use 10 boxes per week, with 1,000 boxes per box. The free pre-packaged bags in the supermarket are provided by suppliers, and we have not made statistics. " During the visit, the reporter found that the supermarket also sells reusable shopping bags, ranging from a few yuan to a dozen yuan. "Not many people buy it." A cashier said.

Farmers’ market: no plastic bag substitute can be found.

Yesterday afternoon, the reporter came to Xin Zhuque Agricultural Trade Wholesale Market in Xi ‘an, and saw many colorful plastic bags hanging on the stalls, and some customers carried many plastic bags of different colors in their hands.

A female boss of a booth said: "When business is good, we can use about 10 plastic bags every day, 50 for each, and 5.5 for each. We spend 55 yuan on plastic bags every day and get 1650 yuan a month."

"You see, there are big and small bags in my house, a small bag with 3 pieces of 5, a big bag with 6 pieces of 5, and 7 pieces of 8 pieces. Almost 15 small bags can be used every day, and 5 large bags can be used every day, each of which is about 50, and about 750 small bags are needed every day. " The female boss of another booth said, "When customers buy a dish, they will use a bag alone."

Mr. Wang, deputy director of the market management office, said: "The market has been in operation for five years and there are three or four hundred merchants. These plastic bags are non-degradable, and we don’t want to, but we can’t find a substitute. Judging from the products currently on the market, plastic bags are low in cost and convenient to use, and everyone still has no other choice. "

Environmental experts: the government, enterprises and citizens need to work together.

Deng Shunxi, a professor at the School of Environmental Science and Engineering of Chang ‘an University, said: "Plastic bags are mostly polyethylene, which cannot be degraded after being buried underground for hundreds of years. After burning, there are not only residues, but also harmful gases that pollute the environment."

"The plastic bag itself is not good, because the use cost is very low and it is very convenient. The most effective solution is to solve it from the source and develop and produce environmentally friendly and replaceable packaging bags." Deng Shunxi said that paper bags are not the best substitute. Plastic shopping bags are low in price, light, transparent, strong, waterproof, oil-proof and corrosion-resistant. "If paper packaging is used instead of plastic packaging, in order to achieve the performance of plastic bags, it is necessary to add plastics, aluminum foil and other substances to the paper, which will not only increase the cost, but also cause difficulties in recycling."

Deng Shunxi said that at present, the cost of making more environmentally friendly packaging bags will increase, but it still needs the joint efforts of the government, packaging bag manufacturers and citizens to develop and produce packaging bags with high cost performance and degradable pollution-free. On the other hand, citizens’ awareness of environmental protection needs to be enhanced, and reusable reusable shopping bags should be used as much as possible.

(The original title is: "I am still" doing "and" shaping "after 11 years of" plastic limit ")

　　The written test results of civil servants employed in the 2024 annual examination of the central organs and their directly affiliated institutions have been announced, and the ratio of qualified people in some positions to those to be employed has not reached the required interview ratio. According to the work arrangement of civil servants employed in the 2024 annual examination of the central organs and their directly affiliated institutions, it is necessary to openly adjust and supplement the interview candidates to the society. The relevant matters are hereby announced as follows:

　　I. Adjustment conditions

　　In addition to the qualifications stipulated in the Announcement on the Employment of Civil Servants in the 2024 Annual Examination of the Central Authorities and Their Directly affiliated Institutions, applicants participating in the transfer shall also meet the following conditions:

　　(a) meet the qualifications required for the position to be transferred.

　　(two) the written test scores of public subjects have reached the qualified scores of the positions to be transferred and the original positions, and the examination categories are the same. If the position to be transferred has set the written test conditions for professional subjects, the written test scores of professional subjects must also reach the qualified score line at the same time, and the test categories are the same.

　　(three) did not enter the list of interviewers for the original position.

　　Applicants participating in the transfer can only apply for one transfer position. Those who enter the interview for the transfer position shall not participate in the replacement of the original position.

　　Second, the adjustment procedure

　　(1) Job inquiry

　　From now on, candidates can log on to the special website of the central authorities and their directly affiliated institutions for the recruitment of civil servants in 2024 (hereinafter referred to as the special website for examination and recording, http://bm.scs.gov.cn/kl2024) to inquire about the transfer positions, transfer numbers, exam categories, qualifications and telephone numbers.

　　(2) Registration

　　During the period from 8:00 on January 15th to 18:00 on January 17th, 2024, applicants will log on to the "Special Website for Examination" with their registered user names and passwords, select positions and submit transfer applications. Applicants who have questions about the qualifications of the relevant positions, such as major, education, degree, work experience, etc., can contact the recruitment agency directly. Before the deadline for submitting the transfer application, the applicant can change to other positions.

　　Applicants who are not registered online should directly contact the recruiting agency that intends to apply for transfer and submit a written transfer application before 18:00 on January 17, 2024.

　　(3) Qualification examination

　　From 8:00 on January 18th, 2024 to 18:00 on January 19th, 2024, the recruitment agency will conduct qualification examination on both the online application and the written application for adjusting the position of the unit. Generally, the qualification examination is conducted in the order from high score to low score according to the total score of the written test of public subjects and the score of the administrative professional ability test. Those with the same two scores will enter the qualification examination together; For positions with written test conditions for professional subjects, the qualification examination shall be conducted in the order from high score to low score according to the applicant’s comprehensive score, the total score of written test for public subjects and the score of administrative professional ability test. Those with the same three scores shall enter the qualification examination together. After the number of qualified personnel has reached the required number of transfers, the recruitment agency will no longer conduct qualification examination for other personnel.

　　After January 20, 2024, applicants who participated in the transfer can log on to the "special website for examination records" to inquire about the qualification examination results and enter the list of interviewers for the transfer position.

State Administration of Civil Service

January 2024