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　　This website news　Recently, the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs announced the first batch of available crop germplasm resources in the form of announcement, and launched the information system for sharing and utilization of crop germplasm resources on the big data platform of China seed industry. The Center for Protection and Utilization of Crop Germplasm Resources of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs issued the Measures for Sharing and Utilization of Crop Germplasm Resources. A few days ago, the heads of the Seed Industry Management Department of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs and the Center for the Protection and Utilization of Agricultural Germplasm Resources answered questions from reporters on the relevant situation.　

　　Q: China is a big country with germplasm resources. The long-term strategy of the National Agricultural Germplasm Resource Bank has preserved abundant germplasm resources, but there are still shortcomings in sharing and communication. Can you tell us about the specific situation?　

　　A:The CPC Central Committee and the State Council attached great importance to the protection and utilization of agricultural germplasm resources, and the Central Seed Industry Revitalization Action Plan put forward specific and clear requirements. With the active efforts of relevant parties and units, the protection and utilization of agricultural germplasm resources in China has achieved remarkable results, and the national agricultural germplasm resources bank (nursery) has achieved long-term strategic preservation of germplasm resources.53More than 10,000 copies have been saved, ranking second in the world, and more than half of them have been distributed and shared. According to statistics, in recent years, national libraries (nurseries) have distributed resources every year.More than 100,000 copies, serving more than 1,500 innovative breeding subjects, and exhibiting 12,000 excellent resources with utilization potential.About 10,000 copies, which provides a germplasm resource guarantee for supporting China’s scientific research and breeding, the output of major seed industry achievements and national food security. For example, local varieties of rice, Qianyang Taohuami and Shefang Gong Mi, have disappeared in their place of origin, and after years of development after being introduced from the national treasury, they have become characteristic industries for the revitalization of local villages; Using the national stock of wheat resources to cross with agropyron cristatum, a breakthrough new variety of "common ice system" was formed. But at the same time, we also see that resource utilization is still a shortcoming. The main reasons are the lack of practical management methods, the lack of effective incentive and restraint mechanisms, the unsystematic release of resource information, the incomplete registration and sharing, and the lack of data on key characteristics of some resources. In order to better solve the above problems, in the past two years, we have taken a solid step in promoting the sharing and utilization of resources by starting with the preservation of resources in national libraries (nurseries), uniting all forces and making comprehensive policies.One is research.Promulgated the "Management Standard of National Agricultural Germplasm Resources Bank (Nursery)" and "Measures for Sharing and Utilization of Agricultural Germplasm Resources (Trial)" to achieve rules-based; The second is to publish the catalogue of available agricultural germplasm resources, so as to be open and transparent; threeIt’s divisionCarry out accurate identification of germplasm resources and find out the characteristics of resources;The fourth isIncrease the display of excellent resources and introduce good resources to the public. At the beginning of this year, we supported the China Seed Trade Association to hold special promotion activities of germplasm resources, the national mid-term library of watermelon germplasm resources and other units.199A precious resource was planted and displayed on the spot, which caused positive response in the industry.　

　　Q: We are concerned that the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs has announced the publication of the first batch of available crop germplasm resources. What is the main significance and characteristics of these resources?　

　　A:Germplasm resources are the basis of breeding innovation, and the key is to use them. Both the Seed Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC) and the Measures for the Administration of Agricultural Germplasm Resources clearly stipulate that the catalogue of available agricultural germ plasm resources should be published regularly. The main purpose is to make it clear which germplasm resources we have, where these resources are, what characteristics they have, and who to apply for them, which is of great significance for promoting the sharing and utilization of agricultural germplasm resources and information exchange. In the past two years, based on the urgent needs of the industry, we have focused on the revitalization and development of seed industry and organized.72 countrieslevelwarehouse(garden)Experts carefully screened and repeatedly studied and determined the first batch of available resources, totaling 2.Ten thousand copies, involving crop types.48Species,Including rice, wheat, corn and other major food crops, oil crops such as soybeans, rape and peanuts, vegetable crops such as cabbage, peppers and radishes, fruit crops such as apples, pears and peaches, as well as cotton, hemp and watermelon. The main information of each resource includes germplasm name, unified number, crop type, germplasm type, main characteristics, storage unit, contact person and contact information, etc."Innocent background, clear characteristics and clear value" has achieved "availability and utilization". Seed industry practitioners can easily access these resource information through China Seed Industry Big Data Platform. Selecting available crop germplasm resources is a long-term basic work, which should be based on scientific screening and judgment of each resource. In the future, the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs will publish more batches of resource catalogues to meet the needs of breeding innovation.　

　　Q: Recently, the Center for Protection and Utilization of Agricultural Germplasm Resources of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs issued the Measures for Sharing and Utilization of Agricultural Germplasm Resources (Trial). Please introduce the relevant background and situation.　

　　A:For a long time, the sharing and utilization of agricultural germplasm resources in China has not yet formed a set of systematic and effective institutional norms tosendAfter applying for resources from national repositories (nurseries), most of the applicants not only failed to feed back the utilization information in time, but also failed to reflect the contribution of germplasm resources in related research results or acquired rights. Some units or individuals even put forward unreasonable requirements such as "moving repositories" and "backing up" in large quantities, which affected the standardized management and orderly and efficient utilization of resources. To this end,2022yearfiveIn June, we started the formulation of measures, and organized expert discussion and concentrated discussion for four times.manyListen to opinions and suggestions, the same year.In November, the public was asked for opinions from the whole society, which was generally welcomed. Many people in the industry called to express their support clearly. The current measures have been issued and will be formally implemented on April 15 this year..methodIncluding general principles, application and acquisition, benefitsUse and feedback, results labeling and rights sharing, and supplementary provisions, etc.There are 5 chapters and 24 articles., defined the responsibilities that the national-level library (nursery) must perform as the main body of resource sharing and distribution, standardized the conditions, procedures, quantity and specific requirements for resource application and acquisition, established a resource utilization feedback and benefit sharing mechanism, and encouraged relevant units and individuals to deposit the agricultural germplasm resources held by the country with the national-level library (nursery) and provide them for sharing and utilization to the society. In particular, we have made separate regulations on how farmers breeders can apply for sharing resources from national libraries (nurseries) to ensure that all legal persons and natural persons can share resources. In order to cooperate with the implementation of the measures, the information system for sharing and utilization of agricultural germplasm resources has been officially put into operation, and applicants can quickly inquire about relevant information and apply online conveniently, thus improving the efficiency of resource distribution.　

　　Q: The national agricultural germplasm resource bank (nursery) is the main body of resource distribution. What regulations or measures are there in management?　

　　A:Article 10 of the Seed Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC) clearly stipulates that the competent agricultural and rural authorities in the State Council should establish a germplasm resource bank, a germplasm conservation zone or a germplasm resource protection site, and the preserved germplasm resources are public resources and open for use according to law. Article 23 of the Measures for the Administration of Agricultural Germplasm Resources stipulates that the relevant units and individuals may apply to the national medium-term germplasm bank and germplasm nursery for scientific research and breeding needs, and the national-level library (nursery) shall provide germplasm resources to the applicant if it meets the requirements. In recent years, we have actively promoted the construction of national libraries (nurseries), forming a long-term library as the core, a duplicate library, 1fiveMid-term library, 5fiveA national agricultural germplasm resources protection system based on a germplasm garden.April 2022The general office of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs issued the Management Standard of National Agricultural Germplasm Resources Repository (Nursery), emphasizing that the national agricultural germ plasm resources repository (nursery) is a strategic, basic and public welfare facility for the safe preservation and sharing of agricultural germ plasm resources in China, and undertakes the work of collection, collation, identification, registration, preservation, exchange and utilization of agricultural germ plasm resources, and explicitly requires that the national crop germ plasm repository (nursery) should be sent to agriculture and rural areas before the end of January each year.　

　　Q: What other plans does the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs have in promoting the sharing and utilization of germplasm resources?　

　　A:Publishing the catalogue of available germplasm resources, introducing sharing methods and online information system are only the first steps in sharing and utilizing germplasm resources. We will strengthen the follow-up, supervision and guidance, make the service in place, implement the work and promote these.measureReally play a real role. In the next step, we should focus on three things. First, accelerate the registration of resources. Formulate incentive measures to encourage the collection of resource information kept by scientific research and teaching units, enterprises and individuals, and integrate them into a unified resource sharing and utilization information system to realize information sharing and utilization. The second is to further promote the accurate identification of resources. Relying on superior scientific research institutes, universities and enterprises, we will build a number of accurate appraisal platforms for germplasm resources, build a national overall planning, central and local cooperation, and cooperation between science and enterprises to identify and evaluate germplasm resources, clarify genetic information, and dig out excellent traits such as high yield, high quality, stress resistance and disease resistance, so as to provide more valuable data information for breeders. The third is to increase the display and promotion of resources. Carry out centralized planting and exhibition activities of excellent resources, so that breeders can have an intuitive understanding and understanding of resources on the spot. During the China Farmers Harvest Festival, International Biodiversity Day and other activities, we will carry out the Germplasm Resources Science Popularization Day. Select and publish excellent resources and typical cases of resource transformation, promote good resources and tell good resource stories.　

1905 movie network news The first film focusing on the migration of grassland herders in Xinjiang is being shown in China. Since the film was released, it has been praised by the public. The documentary footage shows the real grassland ecological culture, and the ecological and environmental protection concept embodied in the film is hotly debated.

　

Realistic presentation of nomadic life documentary and reflection of ecological choice

　

The film "Pastoral Away" takes the transition of four seasons as a clue. By telling the grievances and enmities between the herdsmen Humar and Hadixia due to the unexpected transition, it depicts the legendary humanistic story in the process of nomadic transition, shows the life concept of protecting grassland ecology, and reflects the life changes of herdsmen in Xinjiang during the 40 years of reform and opening up.

　

The film uses documentary image styles and techniques to completely present the nomadic life of herders in four seasons, and reflects the present situation and choice of grassland ecology under social development with the role confrontation between Humar, an older herder, and Buick, a sheepskin who made his fortune by goat business. The grassland ecological changes reflected by the "transition" changes are thought-provoking, with strong humanistic feelings and rare and precious pictures, which make the film favored by major official film festivals. The 94-minute image condenses the essence of nomadic culture and realistically presents grassland ecological culture.

　

The high word-of-mouth attracts attention, inherits environmental protection and is deeply rooted in people’s hearts.

　

Many details in the film show the awareness of environmental protection rooted in nomadic people. Facing the proposal of goat skin Buick to raise goats to make money from cashmere, Humar decisively refused to destroy the grassland growth with goat alkaline feces. Because magpies settled in the yurt, herders settled them before making a transition. In order to better protect the ecological balance of the grassland, Humar had to say goodbye to the eagle and shotgun that had accompanied him for decades. The scenes shown in the film are exactly what herders really feel and think, and the concept of protecting grassland ecology has really integrated into their lives.

　

Since its release, the film "Pastoral Away" has enjoyed a high reputation, which has continuously aroused people’s concern about "grassland ecological environment protection". Many film critics have voiced their concern for grassland ecological culture, and some viewers bluntly said that "protecting grassland means protecting homeland". This film is the best connotation expression of grassland ecological culture.

General Office of Human Resources and Social Security Department, General Office of Ministry of Finance
Notice on Issuing the List of Employment Subsidy Policies and the First Batch of Local Online Application Platforms
No.44 [2020] issued by the Department of Human Resources and Social Security

The human resources and social security departments (bureaus) and finance departments (bureaus) of all provinces, autonomous regions, municipalities directly under the Central Government and Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps:

In order to thoroughly implement the spirit of the important instructions of the Supreme Leader General Secretary on coordinating the prevention and control of epidemic situation and economic and social development in COVID-19, and comprehensively strengthen the implementation of measures to stabilize employment, the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security and the Ministry of Finance have combed and formed a list of existing employment subsidy policies that encourage enterprises (units) to absorb employment and support workers’ employment and entrepreneurship, and summarized online application platforms in various places. It is hereby promulgated and the relevant matters are notified as follows:

First, all localities should refer to the list of employment subsidy policies, further refine and improve the list of local policies on the basis of ensuring the implementation of the central policies and combining with local conditions, and clarify the subsidy targets, subsidy standards, application procedures, acceptance institutions, processing time limits and policy basis, and actively announce them to the public.

Two, where the online application for employment subsidy policies has been realized, it is necessary to effectively ensure the smooth online application channels, and gradually promote the online processing of all subsidies. It is necessary to increase publicity, widely publicize the online application platform through various channels such as active promotion, media publicity and handling services, and users, units and workers should understand and use the online application platform to promote online office to become the main channel for policy application.

Three, has not yet achieved online application area, to speed up the progress, pay close attention to establish and improve the handling information system, and strive to achieve online processing before the end of June this year. For those who still need on-site handling, it is necessary to promptly announce the accepting institution, contact information and address, vigorously promote telephone application, mail handling, agency service, etc., and implement various subsidy policies as far as possible to apply for it without meeting, and handle it at one time. It is necessary to effectively streamline materials, optimize processes, shorten processing time, and effectively improve the sense of acquisition and satisfaction of employers and workers.

Attachment:

1. List of employment subsidy policies. doc

2 around the online application platform for employment subsidy funds. doc

General Office of Human Resources and Social Security Department, General Office of Ministry of Finance

April 23, 2020

　　Cctv newsRecently, the police in Yunhe County, Lishui City, Zhejiang Province cracked a case of producing and selling toxic and harmful food, and arrested 6 suspects, involving more than 2 million yuan.

　　In July 2019, the police found that many residents’ homes were stuffed with a business card printed with "Dr. Wang". Why do regular "doctors" distribute business cards everywhere? With doubts, the police began to investigate the "doctor". After investigation, the police found that Wang, a "doctor", was an Anhui native and promoted health care products such as "Emperor Shenbao Pill" in the name of practicing medicine.

　　Zheng Yujian, a policeman of the Public Security Brigade of Yunhe County Public Security BureauWe commissioned a professional organization to sample and test the health care products he sold, and found that one of the products named "Diwang Shenbao Pill" contained sildenafil which was prohibited by the state. Through the confirmation of the market supervision department, these health care products were toxic and harmful.

　　Sildenafil, commonly known as Viagra, is a prescription drug used to treat male erectile dysfunction, as well as pulmonary hypertension and mountain sickness. Its adverse reactions include headache, indigestion, abnormal vision and so on. The medicine must be used under the guidance of a doctor, otherwise it will pose a threat to the health and life of the user. China’s food safety law clearly stipulates that it is forbidden to add this drug to food and health care products.

　　Zheng Yujian, a policeman of the Public Security Brigade of Yunhe County Public Security BureauDuring the investigation, it was found that the suspects set up workshops in Zhengzhou and other places in Henan Province, and found out how to make health care products through the Internet without legal license. In addition, sildenafil, an illegal drug, was illegally added to it, which was produced and packaged into health care products for sale through online platforms such as WeChat. After packaging, the cost of several dollars can be sold to tens of dollars a box.

　　Through a large number of visits and investigations by the police, a gang that produces and sells toxic and harmful food across provinces has gradually surfaced. Yunhe and the police launched a unified network-closing operation, arresting six suspects, including Wang, destroying a production and processing den and seizing more than 300,000 finished capsules. It is understood that the gang’s sales channels are all over Henan, Hubei, Zhejiang and other places. Up to the time of the incident, more than 100,000 pieces of this toxic and harmful food have been sold. At present, six suspects have been arrested by Yunhe police on suspicion of producing and selling toxic and harmful food.

　　Viewed from the side, the president of the new car is equipped with multiple wheels, a low-lying body and smooth body lines, plus the harpoon sign at the position of C-pillar, which is the sports model that a performance sports car should have.

　　The design value of the president’s rear of the new Maserati sedan is full, and the four exhaust pipes are not bluffing. Its sports tail is slightly raised, coupled with the rounded rear design, which is a great love.

　　In terms of interior, the new president provided three different interior leather colors, and matched the center console trim panel made of two different materials, such as wood grain/carbon fiber. There is not much change between the interior of the new car and the cash. The most notable point is the new electronic gear handle, which is more concise and fashionable. And the brand-new MTC+ car multimedia system.

　　The 2021 model is equipped with a brand-new instrument panel, which adds a sense of science and technology. The instrument panel has not changed, but the new car has added four safety auxiliary functions such as ACC adaptive cruise, lane departure warning, panoramic image and automatic emergency brake assist system. The central control panel cancels two knobs of the air conditioning system, and at the same time, an integrated knob for controlling the multimedia system is added behind the gear handle.

　　The central control panel of Maserati President’s flagship car cancelled two knobs of air conditioning system, and at the same time, an integrated knob for controlling multimedia system was added behind the gear handle. Maserati President’s multimedia system can be said to have covered the most mainstream car cockpit multimedia system at present, including rich integrated driving computer, built-in 30GB hard disk capacity, satellite navigation map and MP3 digital audio playback.? ?

　　As a performance sports car, Maserati President’s car is not spacious enough, and the seat is too sporty and hard, so the ride comfort is not high.

　　Our company provides the following high-quality services: 1. No worries about getting a license: all the cars sold by our company are regular imported vehicles, and we provide all the necessary formalities for paying taxes and getting a license to help get a license. On the day of car purchase, the company can issue all vehicle procedures (customs clearance, commodity inspection, certificate of conformity, vehicle information form, invoice, electronic form of vehicle purchase tax, vehicle instruction manual, three-guarantee manual, etc.), and all foreign customers can return to the local area to settle down normally and get a license. 2, convenient to pick up the car: the owner himself brings his ID card to the store to fill in the vehicle information. Foreign customers need to contact the sales manager in advance to handle the formalities if they pick up the car and pick it up for free. Our store will handle the temporary license for you free of charge (7-30 days), so you don’t have to worry about the return trip. Can be distributed nationwide, allowing you to enjoy the convenience of sending cars to your door. 3. Off-line experience: It has the Tianjin Port Exhibition Hall Experience Center, which truly realizes the mode of online car selection and offline car viewing. 4. Three Guarantees: All models sold in our store are regular brand-new commercial vehicles. Can enjoy the national 4S shop warranty three guarantees policy. 5. Preferential price: overseas direct access to ports, bypassing the price increase link of brand dealers.

　　Dealer Name: Tianjin Hengtai Luxury Car Customization Center

　　Dealer Address: Hengtai Luxury Car Customization Center, No.43 Haibin Fifth Road, Tianjin Free Trade Zone

　　Dealer Tel: Manager Qin 13389079369 (same as WeChat)

　　Disclaimer: The above car purchase preferential information is provided by the comprehensive dealers of this website, and the price fluctuates greatly due to market factors, which is only for car purchase reference; The distributor is responsible for its authenticity, accuracy and legality, and this website does not provide any guarantee or assume any legal responsibility.

Our battery is equivalent to the human heart, which directly affects our endurance. In general, the higher the energy density of the battery, the longer the battery life. On June 12, the new national new energy subsidy policy was officially implemented, and the subsidy for high-endurance vehicles was further improved, which also means that batteries with high energy density will be favored by the market.

Throughout the current market, there are many kinds of power batteries, but there are two main types: and. Among them, it is emerging and gradually becoming the mainstream of the market, which not only benefits from the country’s new energy policy, but also lies in its own performance advantages. Then, what are the performance characteristics of these two batteries? Let’s take a look at the data.

Fatal weakness, low endurance

In the early stage of the development of new energy vehicles, they are favored by manufacturers. First of all, it has inherent advantages in safety. In all lithium batteries, the peak of electric heating can reach 350℃ to 500℃, which is very reliable in thermal stability. Secondly, the service life is long, and under normal circumstances, the cycle life exceeds 2000 times. This feature makes it widely used in the field.

Although there are many advantages, its disadvantages seem to be more fatal. Its energy density is low, and the energy density of monomer is usually between 90Wh/kg and 120Wh/kg, which directly affects its endurance. As people’s requirements for endurance are getting higher and higher, it seems a foregone conclusion to be replaced by higher energy density in the field.

The main force in the future is highly practical.

It is the first choice for new energy batteries, including, and other high-end brands are widely used. A few days ago, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology released the Catalogue of Recommended Vehicles for Promotion and Application (the 6th batch in 2018), which contains 52 new energy sources, of which up to 36 new energy sources are equipped, and only 5 new energy sources are equipped.

Why is it so sought after? The key reason lies in its superior performance. The energy density is high, which can reach 200wh/kg, which is about double. Therefore, it can provide longer battery life and stronger power, and has high practicability. Although it is slightly inferior in high temperature resistance, with the application of ceramic diaphragm technology, the safety problem has been improved.

　

305Long battery life of kilometers, equipped with

As a representative of independent brands, the first new energy pure 650EV launched for the terminal market is equipped with ternary high-energy lithium batteries. The total battery capacity is 43Kwh, the battery energy density is as high as 144wh/kg, and the power output is strong and lasting. With a long battery life of 305 kilometers, it can meet the needs of daily commuting with one charge.

It is worth mentioning that EV has NBS energy recovery system beyond its peers, which can automatically recover the generated kinetic energy, and the recovery efficiency is 2.5 times higher than its peers. The energy consumption per kilometer is only 7 cents, which is very energy-saving and environmentally friendly. Therefore, it is also loved by consumers.

In the future, the competition will focus on core technologies, especially technological breakthroughs in batteries. Judging from the current domestic market, new energy car companies are more inclined to use it, and improved battery life has become the key to the development of car companies.

　　On August 2 nd, children learned to use the intelligent garbage sorting and recycling machine in the "garbage sorting" summer classroom activity in Licang District, Qingdao. Photo by Wang Haibin (People’s Vision)

　　On June 27th, in the Steel Ball Community of Erlang Street, Jiulongpo District, Chongqing, two staff members of Chongqing Environmental Sanitation Group were sending the sorted perishable garbage into a special perishable garbage transport vehicle. Xinhua News Agency reporter Liu Yushe

　　On August 13th, Chen Liangen (pictured right), a garbage collector in Xin ‘an Town, Deqing County, Zhejiang Province, collected agricultural harmful waste at the breeding base of freshwater shrimp farmers in Xinqiao Village of this town. Photo by Yao Haixiang (people’s picture)

　　What is the use of leftovers? What process does a plastic bottle go through before it can become a useful material? How to deal with waste electronic products and expired drugs to reduce the harm? Once upon a time, our impression of garbage sorting and recycling was a loud voice shouting in the early morning of the community — — Collect junk! Today, the Internet of Things intelligent recycling machine, garbage sorting applet, anaerobic microbial degradation system, etc., make garbage sorting and recycling become "high", and more recyclable garbage becomes renewable resources.

　　On July 1, the Regulations on the Management of Domestic Waste in Shanghai was officially implemented, which triggered a heated discussion among netizens. On the same day, four topics related to garbage were listed on Weibo Hot Search List. In addition to Shanghai, people are concerned about when their cities will start to implement strict garbage sorting policies. According to the requirements of the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development, by 2020, all cities will fully implement the garbage sorting system, and 46 cities as the first pilot will initially establish the garbage sorting treatment system. Some enterprises have a keen sense of smell. In early July alone, about 200 garbage sorting enterprises were registered.

　　What’s the use of kitchen waste?

　　Less than 8 o’clock every day, Li Ming sets off in a closed electric tricycle. His destination is the kitchen waste drop point in Donghuashi Street, Dongcheng District, Beijing, which is the green vat where residents dump leftovers. His job is to sort the kitchen waste and transport it to the centralized point, and hand it over to the staff of the sanitation group for subsequent treatment.

　　Summer in Beijing, even in the morning, is full of enthusiasm. After Li Ming opened the green bucket, he first took a photo, recorded the original release status, and then put on gloves to sort out impurities other than kitchen waste such as plastic bags that residents threw wrong. In a short time, sweat appeared on his forehead. At this time, he took a measuring rod from the car, reached into the bucket to detect, and transmitted the data and the sorted trash can photos to the system. He told us: "In summer, kitchen waste is easy to breed mosquitoes, and we need to clean and deodorize the trash can."

　　Li Ming is an employee of Beijing Tianlong Tianjie Company. The company has 204 kitchen waste bins in the whole street of Donghua City, and each staff member is responsible for about 10 to 15 bins. Liu Quan, the manager of the company, said: "The first step of garbage sorting, recycling and reuse is residents’ putting in. If the work in this step is not done well, the following steps will be affected. Garbage sorting means doing ‘ People ’ Work. "

　　For decades, Liu Quan has explored a set of effective methods. "We tell residents about the necessity of garbage sorting through leaflets, activities and publicity. Invite street workers and party member cadres to visit the garbage treatment plant, let them see how much garbage Beijing will produce every day through field visits, and realize the harm of mountains of garbage to the environment. Their consciousness has suddenly improved, and more and more residents have begun to consciously put it in. " In the case that the amount of kitchen waste generated is generally stable, the amount of kitchen waste in the community has increased from 60 tons per month at the beginning of 2018 to more than 150 tons per month now, and it has entered the recycling channel.

　　It is understood that the domestic waste in China has the characteristics of "three highs and one low", that is, high water content, high impurity, high organic matter content and low calorific value. Chinese people’s eating habits make kitchen waste account for about 50%-60% of the garbage. This kind of wet garbage has high moisture content and low calorific value. It takes 5-7 days to discharge 20%-25% of the total garbage, and the calorific value can reach the most suitable combustion conditions.

　　According to the characteristics of kitchen waste in China, some enterprises are constantly exploring. The project of Guangzhou East Biomass Comprehensive Treatment Plant invested, constructed and operated by Langkun Environment Group is one of them.

　　The relevant person in charge of the factory said: "We mainly deal with catering waste, kitchen waste, etc., and adopt the process of pretreatment+combined anaerobic digestion+comprehensive utilization. At present, the contracted processing scale for the six districts in downtown Guangzhou is 400 tons of catering waste, 600 tons of kitchen waste, and 2,040 tons of other kinds of biomass waste. It is currently the largest urban organic waste treatment project in the world. "

　　How to solve the problem of many impurities and complex components in kitchen waste? The relevant person in charge of the factory said: "After the kitchen waste is delivered to us, we must first remove impurities, which is the most difficult in all aspects of kitchen waste treatment. The way we take is to carry out high-pressure pressing separation. The purpose is to realize the dry-wet separation of kitchen waste and get wet components (organic matter) and dry components (impurities). "

　　The factory adopts automatic ultra-high pressure garbage pressing device, and the separated garbage can be turned into "treasure", in which the wet component is used for anaerobic fermentation, and the biogas generated in anaerobic fermentation can be converted into electric energy; Anaerobic fermented biogas residue can be processed into bio-fertilizer raw materials after dehydration. The dry components are used for incineration to generate electricity.

　　How can a beverage bottle be reborn?

　　According to the data released by the United Nations Environment Programme, nearly 17 million barrels of crude oil are consumed in the production of beverage bottles worldwide every year, 13 million tons of plastic waste flows into the ocean every year, and about 15 million marine creatures die from plastic waste. One million beverage bottles are sold every minute in the world, and it takes 450 years for plastics to decompose in the natural environment.

　　Are the plastic bottles we throw away really useless? What kind of life course will a plastic bottle go through after it leaves the consumer? A few days ago, we visited Yingchuang Renewable Resources Recycling Co., Ltd., located in Shunyi District, Beijing, and felt the process of beverage bottles from discarding to rebirth.

　　Put an empty plastic bottle into Yingchuang’s H-31 intelligent recycling machine for beverage bottles, only to see the bottle turn several times in the recycling machine and then fall into the recycling bin. However, if an unfinished bottle is put into the recycling machine, it will not fall into the recycling bin. It turns out that this recycling machine can sense the weight of bottles. Compressing the recycled empty bottles can reduce the cleaning cost of workers and improve the recycling efficiency.

　　After the recycling is completed, users can choose to donate or receive coupons and get rebates. When choosing coupons, they don’t need to download the mobile phone application, and the whole process from returning bottles to redeeming points can be completed through WeChat applet.

　　Consumer participation ends here. However, for the plastic bottle in the recycling machine, this is only the first step in its regeneration journey.

　　Plastic bottles entering the recycling machine will be compressed, waiting for more bottles to fill the recycling bin. The staff of Yingchuang told us that whether the recycling machine is working normally and whether the recycling bin has been filled can be sent back to the background in real time. According to the situation of each recycling machine, the backstage can arrange the optimal treatment route for the cleaning personnel nearby.

　　After that, these plastic bottles will be transported to the sorting station for sorting and packaging, and pressed into bottle bricks to enter Yingchuang Recycling Factory.

　　The bottle body can be recycled. How to recycle the label on the bottle cap and bottle? Can labels and bottle caps be made into bottles after recycling?

　　It turns out that a beverage bottle can be divided into three parts. Among them, the bottle body can realize the "bottle-to-bottle" level conversion, and after recycling, it is still food-grade and can also hold drinks. But bottle caps and labels are not. After Yingchuang automatically sorts the recovered bottles, it removes the caps and labels and handles them in other ways. Finally, the PET (poly (terephthalic acid) plastic) beverage bottles enter the recycling plant.

　　Yingchuang’s staff also showed us several kinds of crystal particles, all of which were broken and cleaned beverage bottles. These glittering and translucent plastic fragments are restored to cleanliness, waiting to be processed into recycled polyester chips or directly reborn.

　　At present, the annual consumption of plastic bottles in China exceeds 5 million tons, about 200 billion, ranking first in the world. Yingchuang processes 50,000 tons of waste PET beverage bottles every year, which is equivalent to saving 300,000 tons of oil.

　　The story of a bottle will continue.

　　Can harmful waste become harmless?

　　Kitchen waste can be converted into biogas and burned to generate electricity, and plastic bottles can be crushed and reused. What should we do with the expired drugs, remote controls and other discarded batteries in people’s small medicine boxes?

　　In June 2016, the new version of the National Hazardous Waste List was released, and family expired drugs were impressively listed. Once the drug expires, it will not only lose its therapeutic effect, but also be harmful to the human body. However, if the expired drugs are discarded and burned together with ordinary domestic garbage, it will seriously harm the environment, resulting in excessive antibiotic components in soil and water.

　　Expired drugs are very harmful, but the treatment of expired drugs in China is insufficient. The White Paper on the Recovery of Family Expired Drugs in China shows that about 78.6% of families in China have "small medicine boxes", and more than 80% of them don’t have the habit of cleaning them regularly. Few people know how to deal with family expired drugs correctly.

　　Even though there are many difficulties in recycling expired drugs, you have not given up. Since 2004, Guangzhou Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd. has been holding expired drugs recycling activities from March to August every year. At present, GPHL has recovered more than 1,500 tons of expired drugs.

　　The recovered expired drugs will be sealed and packaged, labeled, indicating the recovery point, handler, recovery unit and recovery date, transported to the abandoned waste treatment plant by the dangerous goods transport vehicle, treated by professionals, and put into the pyrolysis gasification incinerator for harmless treatment.

　　It has basically become a consensus that waste batteries and waste electronic products belong to harmful waste. E-waste only accounts for 2% of the global landfill waste, but it accounts for 70% of all hazardous waste, which seriously harms the environment. But at the same time, waste electronic products may turn waste into treasure. The International Telecommunication Union estimated that the value of gold thrown into the waste heap in 2016 was $21.5 billion and the value of copper was $13.9 billion.

　　The Implementation Plan of Extended Producer Responsibility System issued by the General Office of the State Council pointed out that producers should be responsible for the resource and environmental responsibilities of their products throughout their life cycle. In other words, for the manufacturers of electronic products, we should not only manage the production links, but also grasp the links of battery recycling.

　　Now, the power batteries eliminated from new energy vehicles can be applied to other fields in a step-by-step way to give full play to their use value. However, batteries whose performance drops below 30% have to be dismantled and regenerated to extract precious metals by chemical means.

　　The action of garbage sorting has gradually become a trend, and the garbage sorting industry is gradually forming a complete industrial chain.

　　Zhang Yi, chairman of the Environmental Protection Alliance of Strategic Emerging Industries in China, said: "Although developed countries started waste sorting earlier than us, no country has raised waste sorting to such a high level like China." According to Zhang Yi’s estimation, in the next 10 years, the industrial scale driven by garbage classification will be about 400 billion yuan.

　　China’s garbage sorting industry is gradually maturing. The life journey of garbage shows us that the garbage sorting industry is not only a public welfare undertaking to protect green water and green mountains, but also brings a blue ocean of commerce, allowing us to see the Jinshan Yinshan in garbage. (Zhang Pengyu Cao Yingyue)

Special feature of 1905 film network After ten years of grinding a sword, Marvel Comics’s The Avengers drama will finally end this year. The "Big Three" Iron Man, Captain America and Raytheon are likely to be in the same box for the last time, which also attracted fans’ sadness.

The end of the fans is the battle of the merchants. After the pre-sale was quietly opened in major cinemas, the word "freedom of premiere" became popular, and a movie ticket for IMAX zero-point field "emperor’s seat" was once fried to thousands of yuan. Financial freedom can afford the premiere.

The ticket price of iapm shop in Belle Palace soared to 463.8 yuan.

It is still hard to get a ticket to be the first wave of fans watching movies; When Marvel Pictures announced that its main creation was coming to China, and the fans’ festival activities grabbed tickets for free, it was not only a financial competition.

500 tickets for the red carpet and 8,000 tickets for the stands were robbed separately on April 7, and in less than one minute, all of them were robbed.Fans didn’t grab the tickets, but scalpers with tickets appeared again.

The scalper will be present the next day.
Infield offer 2400

After the ticket grabbing activity ended on April 7, scalpers began to sell tickets for the fan festival in the circle of friends the next day.

On April 8th, scalpers started selling tickets.

The scalper swears in the circle of friends: there must be a ticket for reservation, and the ticket will be given first. At the same time, I took a photo with the words "free tickets" and the admission instructions for the fans’ festival.

Photos taken by scalpers.

Judging from the photo, this is a grabbed ticket. In addition to the words "free tickets", there is also a sign prohibiting the sale and transfer.

In order to put an end to the phenomenon of scalpers on the spot, Disney adopted the triple verification of physical ticket, ID card and QR code for this movie fan ticket. You must combine the ID card and ticket code to enter the event site on the evening of the 18th.

The scalper on April 8 has no offer for the fan festival. On the 10th, when the reporter made an inquiry, the scalper quoted the price of 2,400 pieces of infield and 1,400 pieces of stands. And said real-name registration system was not needed. At the same time, I promise that I can confirm the receipt after attending the event.

April 10 reporter’s inquiry

On the 12th, the scalper posted photos of tickets for the grand ceremony, with the text "Reunification stands are random, and tickets are issued every second".

A golden Mickey sticker appeared on the ticket this time.

"The scalpers in Shanghai are very organized. They all get tickets in the same pool before invoicing. " R, a friend who often participates in Shanghai performances and meeting activities, told reporters.

She revealed that scalpers don’t necessarily have tickets when they start selling tickets. They just make sure to sell them first and then see how much they can get: "Unified pricing, sell them first, and whether they have tickets or not is another matter." She also said that in Shanghai’s performance market, there has always been a tradition that ticketing platforms are handed over to scalpers to issue tickets.

The Zhihu user who has held a concert, "Uncle Bao with Love", explained the distribution of tickets in a performance like this:

10% of the total ticket sales are PR, 50%-60% of the ticket companies issue tickets through formal channels, and the remaining 30%-40% are scalpers. Scalpers often get tickets in the last 1-2 days after the formal channels are basically completed, and they will bear the risk of those tickets that can’t be sold in the end, which is also a means for ticket companies to pass on risks, so ticket companies without scalpers are not profitable companies.

Until April 16th, when the reporter searched for tickets for the festival of fans on the second-hand trading platform, he found that the price had risen to 3,500 yuan. Sellers and reporters said that there were no tickets for the red carpet, and only one ticket for the 106th district was given by the organizer, but there was no guarantee that they would enter the scene.

On April 16th, the reporter made an inquiry on the second-hand trading platform.

Although there are many scalpers selling and transferring tickets, the reporter found that at least two scalpers use the same map and the seat numbers are exactly the same. In Weibo, many fans who are drying tickets have begun to watermark the photos they have received, for fear that scalpers will lurk on the platform and steal pictures to sell tickets.

The so-called organizers give tickets, that is, tickets with Mickey Mouse gold label, whether they can enter directly, the reporter asked a public relations officer of the event. The publicist said with a look of sadness that this kind of ticket "has only a very small part." However, the public relations refused to disclose more about whether you can enter directly with this ticket.

So what’s the scene like? The reporter decided to visit the Oriental Sports Center in Shanghai on April 18th.

8000 yuan red carpet is hard to get a ticket.
Recycling a movie fan ticket is only 300.

At 4 pm on April 18th, three hours before the opening of the event, the reporter came to the Oriental Sports Center. When you get off the bus, it’s all the way. Do you want tickets? Do you have a ticket? " Familiar greetings. The scalper has already been on the side of the sports center near the street, waiting for passers-by and fans.

Admission at 4 pm

The reporter casually inquired about the price with two female scalpers. They said that the tickets in their hands are complimentary tickets posted by Kim Mickey, and there is no need to check their ID cards. The price on the first floor is 2,800 yuan. When the reporter said that he wanted to see the ticket, the scalper repeatedly asked: "Do you want it?"

Compared with the infield, only 500 red carpet tickets are opened to fans, which is obviously more expensive. When the reporter suggested that she wanted to buy a red carpet ticket more, the female scalper said, "No one has it now. Just now, one was sold, and now you can’t get 8,000 yuan."

Getting rid of the entanglement of scalpers and continuing to walk in the direction of the venue, the reporter found that a huge open space had been surrounded by iron fences in advance, and only one entrance was opened for fans with tickets to enter. Many volunteers dressed in purple are holding signs that say please enter from Gate 0.

Outside this only entrance, the snake-like procession of ticket-holding fans has spread to the street, and there are fans waiting for them who haven’t grabbed the tickets by the iron fence. At this entrance, fans have to show their tickets to enter the certification area.

Security personnel should guard against the death of Gate 0.

Volunteers said that there were three links in the day’s entry.

Gate 0 here is the first step; After entering, you should identify it at the first white tent; After the identification is successful, exchange the admission sticker in the second white tent. Only in this way can we enter the venue and wait for the meeting with superheroes.

After entering Gate 0, two inspections are still needed.

In the area lined up for admission, there are almost no traces of scalpers. So the reporter went in another direction. Sure enough, there are scalpers around again. After inquiring about the current price, the reporter lied that he had a movie fan ticket in his hand, but for some reasons, he needs to transfer the ticket now.

After learning about the reporter’s image of ticket transfer, the scalper took the reporter to the grove near the venue, and together with several other scalpers, wanted to see the tickets in the hands of the reporter.

They repeatedly confirmed whether the reporter had tickets with Mickey Gold stickers or ordinary tickets. After learning that it was an ordinary ticket, the scalper said that only 300 yuan could be recycled. Because "we can’t guarantee whether we can get in after we sell it. In the end, we may have posted this 300 yuan."

The scalper who wants to buy movie tickets with 300 yuan at the scene.

Although there are many scalpers on both sides of the site. However, during the period from 4 pm to 5: 30 pm, there were quite few fans who traded with scalpers. When it was close to the official closing time of the iron fence at 6 o’clock, some scalpers said that their movie tickets might not be sold at all.

30 tickets were found to be inconsistent at the scene.
Female fans were cheated to buy scalper tickets in 800 yuan.

Although it is said that fan tickets can’t be sold, tickets on the spot are still in short supply for scalpers. A female movie fan went to the scene accompanied by her mother, but lost her ticket when she was shopping. There are other fans on the side, and it should be that the scalper saw and stole his ticket when he showed it.

However, the activities that night were very strict in checking the tickets for fans. Fans who don’t have tickets are blocked out first. This also includes a small number of fans who grabbed tickets but forgot to bring them to the scene.

Fans who had no tickets and forgot to bring them gathered outside the iron fence.

A movie fan who came from Anhui looked very anxious. He found that he had left his ticket at home after the high-speed train started. The reporter suggested that if he was stopped outside Gate 0, he should first ask the scalper about the price of the movie tickets. However, after asking many scalpers, the movie fan still had no result.

"There are 1000 security guards on the scene today. This activity, the ox can’t move. " A security official told reporters this way. Although any fans with tickets pleaded with him with photos, videos, electronic QR codes and ID cards of their tickets, he refused one by one, saying that this was the request of the activists and could only be implemented in this way. He told reporters that by 6 o’clock, more than 30 people’s tickets had been found to be inconsistent and were sent out.

So can the tickets with the golden Mickey label be unimpeded? At the scene, the reporter did not find the fans who held the ticket. However, a user who bought a Mickey Gold sticker on Weibo revealed that he spent 1,500 yuan to buy a third-floor ticket and successfully entered.

On the day of the event, someone in Weibo found a scalper on the scene.

The user said that Mickey Kim posted the ticket through a special channel and needed an ID card, but he didn’t check his identity. Mickey will be torn off after checking in. After she successfully entered the venue around 5 o’clock, another user revealed that because there were too many people holding Mickey Gold stickers, she was not allowed to enter.

Although the official admission deadline has passed 6: 00 sharp, there are still fans holding tickets at Gate 0. Just compared with the excitement in the afternoon, there are far more security personnel at the scene than fans and scalpers.

At the gate of the small garden facing the left side of Gate 0, the reporter met two girls dressed in yellow. They stood with several security guards. When asked about the situation, the girl said that she bought a scalper ticket at the scene with a deposit of 800 yuan, but when she picked up the ticket, she met the scene and began to arrest the scalper, and the scalper escaped. Up to now, she has been unable to contact the ticket seller who paid the deposit herself.

On-site arrest of scalpers was confirmed by another fan. She was emotional when she didn’t buy a scalper ticket. She told reporters that there were many police fans pretending to buy tickets at the scene to enforce the law on scalpers. At the same time, she vowed that these scalpers got 500 tickets directly from Disney and sold them to fans. But now these 500 tickets have been detained by the police, and Disney officials no longer recognize the validity of these tickets.

Marvel Comics officially claimed that "this event strictly implements the real-name registration system."

When the reporter asked a media person who had a close relationship with Disney for verification, the other party said that Disney could not directly give scalpers tickets. "Large-scale activities may give some complimentary tickets to security, fire protection and other departments. But Disney will never give it to the scalper. "

"Those scalpers, their tickets must have been obtained from other channels." The media person said.

Another reporter who works in Shanghai said: "Even if no official resells tickets, at least there are some people in the venues, especially the old venues such as the Oriental Sports Center … … Just like previous concerts and sports competitions, there are a lot of scalper tickets. "

As for the news that plainclothes arrested scalpers, a reporter who worked in Shanghai for five years said that if the police arrested scalpers, there would be news.

At 7 o’clock, it’s time for the official start of the activity. It’s already dark outside the venue. Superheroes’ badges were printed on the outer wall of the sports center.

Lights on the exterior wall of the venue after dark.

The emotional fan looked at the audience who were still entering the stadium at this time and said to himself, "It’s just this time, and they are all fake fans. We are real fans, but we can’t get in. Do they know what these badges mean? ！”

At this time, the fans who are still waiting to see are left outside the stadium. When the reporter left, there was no scalper coming up again and asked the reporter, "Do you want a ticket?" .

Third, how to implement the "two networks integration"

1. Difficulties and emphases of domestic waste

Identify the difficulties. The layout of domestic waste industrial chain, front-end source classification and back-end processing and utilization (especially low-value recyclables processing and utilization) are two major difficulties. The source classification is not in place, which makes it difficult for back-end processing and utilization; The back-end processing and utilization chain is missing, and the front-end classification is difficult to sustain. To implement the integration of the two networks, we must first study these two difficulties.

Lock the key points. Kitchen waste and recyclable waste, especially low-value recyclable waste, are the focus of reduction. By promoting the "integration of the two networks", the recovery amount of recyclable garbage and the resource utilization amount of kitchen waste will be improved, the garbage removal amount will be reduced to the greatest extent, and the terminal processing pressure will be reduced.

2. Promote the four principles of "two networks integration"

Principle of overall planning and coordination. Strengthen the coordination of various departments, establish a joint promotion mechanism, clarify the responsibilities of all parties in industry supervision, territorial management and subject implementation, and strengthen resource sharing and overall cooperation in network layout planning, facilities and equipment sharing, sorting and recycling service cooperation, incentive mechanism and publicity activities.

Principle of adapting measures to local conditions. According to the actual situation of resource recovery and garbage removal system, each region should choose the integration mode and operation mode suitable for the local area, try it first, and then gradually promote it in an all-round way after gaining mature experience, so it is forbidden to apply it across the board.

Policy support and market drive. Low-value garbage is driven by policy, while high-value garbage is driven by market. It is necessary to establish a policy support and guarantee system for low-value recyclables and kitchen waste, so as to incite market forces and form a long-term operation mechanism for low-value waste.

The principle of policy promotion, market operation and national participation. The government plays a driving and guiding role in industry planning, administrative measures, and policy mechanism guarantee. Enterprises operate industrially according to government planning. Garbage is a social public problem, and the whole people participate in garbage classification.

3, "two networks integration" to achieve three purposes.

Through the integrated operation of resource recovery network and garbage removal network in each link, we can achieve the following goals: First, reduce and recycle domestic garbage, reduce the pressure of domestic garbage terminal treatment, and promote the recycling of resources. Second, by integrating the human resources and facilities of the two major networks of sanitation, cleaning and resource recovery, collecting scavengers, improving resource recovery outlets and processing centers, a perfect and standardized recycling system for renewable resources will be formed. Third, through the integration of the two networks, promote the transformation and upgrading of renewable resources enterprises to environmental services.

4, the government, enterprises and the public rights and responsibilities.

The government is the management subject of domestic waste classification and reduction, and its responsibility is to legislate, plan, promote and supervise; Enterprises are the main operators of domestic waste, undertaking the classification, recovery, removal and treatment of domestic waste, and establishing the whole industry chain of domestic waste; Residents (including various units that produce garbage) are the producers of domestic garbage, and they are the responsible subjects of classified delivery of domestic garbage. Their duties are to classify delivery and supervise the behavior of the government and enterprises according to relevant government requirements.

5, garbage classification management responsibility subject

(1) Improve the three-level management structure. Improve the three-level organization and management structure of city, district and street (community), and pay attention to legislation, planning, overall coordination and establish a policy support system at the municipal level; At the district level, according to the planning and overall planning of the municipal government, we should do a good job in organizing, implementing and promoting, and be responsible for management; Street (township) to implement the main responsibility of management, responsible for the specific implementation of garbage sorting work to communities and households, mobilize the strength of all parties in the region, give full play to the role of neighborhood committees, communities and property enterprises, coordinate and organize the implementation, and promote the effective implementation of garbage sorting.

(2) Determine the responsible subject of garbage classification management. Garbage classification involves thousands of households, and all localities must clarify the main body of responsibility for garbage classification management: urban residential areas, where property management is implemented, streets and property service units are the main body of responsibility for classification management; Institutions, enterprises and institutions, the unit is the subject of classified management responsibility; All kinds of public places, business management units are responsible for classified management.

(3) The responsibility of the subject responsible for garbage classification management. Its responsibilities include: establishing a daily management system for domestic waste classification, and announcing the time, place and way of putting different types of domestic waste; Carry out classified publicity of domestic waste, guide and supervise units and individuals to do a good job in source reduction and classified delivery of garbage, and advise and stop acts that do not meet the requirements of classified delivery until they are mandatory; According to the relevant regulations, combined with the domestic waste output and delivery mode, the domestic waste classified collection containers are reasonably set up and kept clean and beautiful.

6, "two networks integration" operation subject

(1) cultivate the main body of operation. Through bidding or other means, select recycling enterprises with standardized management and honest operation in the renewable resources industry, or introduce enterprises from other industries as local operators to undertake the "integration of two networks", and connect the recycling and resource utilization of recyclable garbage, kitchen waste and harmful waste to build a resource recycling network and a garbage industry-wide chain.

(2) Adopt operation mode according to local conditions. After the actual investigation and summary by the expert group, what kind of operation mode is adopted by the operation subject can be adapted to local conditions according to local conditions and the conditions of the enterprise itself:

◆ Integrated mode of sanitation recovery. This model usually means that the government purchases services, and chooses an operator to undertake garbage sorting, sanitation and transportation, road cleaning, resource recycling and processing, and kitchen waste recycling, so as to provide the government with a package of domestic waste solutions, which is an all-round "two networks integration". Such as Zhuhai Xifu Company and Qidi Sander Company in Pingdu, Shandong Province.

◆ Cross-border transformation mode of renewable resource enterprises. Traditional renewable resource enterprises undertake waste sorting, network layout, recycling and processing of recyclable waste and resource utilization of kitchen waste, so as to realize the cross-border transformation of traditional renewable resource enterprises to environmental services. For example, Guiyang Gaoyuan Company, Guangzhou Supply and Marketing Cooperative, and Beijing Tiantianjie model.

◆ The extension mode of sanitation enterprises to the back end. Environmental sanitation enterprises are involved in garbage sorting, recyclable garbage recovery and resource processing and utilization. Their advantages are to give full play to the resource advantages of environmental sanitation and cleaning manpower and facilities, and improve the synergy efficiency of the two networks. Such as Beijing Jinghuan Group and Hangzhou Environmental Sanitation Group.

◆ Comprehensive government intervention mode. Government departments are fully involved in classification, station yard, network setting, main enterprise selection and layout of back-end processing and utilization, and local financial funds provide strong support. This model takes effect quickly and is suitable for initial pilot. Such as Yuexiu District in Guangzhou, Songjiang District in Shanghai and Suzhou Environmental Sanitation Department.

◆ Distributed processing mode. The front end realizes dry and wet classification, and the middle end uses the garbage compression room and transfer station of the sanitation system to carry out transformation and upgrading, and treats kitchen waste and recyclable garbage nearby and dispersedly, achieving "one field for two purposes" and changing centralized garbage treatment into distributed garbage treatment. Its advantages are short transportation distance, low logistics and site cost, and reduced leakage. Such as the practice of Shenzhen Yingchan Technology.

◆ Single-variety whole industrial chain model. Establish a single variety recycling network and a specialized processing and production base, and build a whole industrial chain of specialized recycling, processing, utilization and terminal product manufacturing. This model is suitable for low-value recyclables such as waste spinning, waste glass, and large pieces of garbage. Such as Guangdong Hengfeng Textile Co., Ltd..

Original: Diqing Earth Youth Picture Book

△ Zhao Bin participated in the 16th Pyongyang International Film Festival.

Twelve years ago, Zhao Bin, a native of Shenyang, began to engage in Sino-Korean trade. He traveled between Liaoning and North Korea, doing business in used computers, clothing, building materials, etc., and thus gained a deeper understanding of North Korea.

The following is Zhao Bin’s self-report.

△ North Korean street

I first traveled to North Korea in 2003, when I was still in college, and I went there just out of curiosity. I’m from Liaoning, and I’m close to North Korea, so I’ll go and have a look. At that time, North Korea was still in the period of suffering March (Korean famine), the economy was relatively difficult, the power supply was tight, there were no lights at night, and even Pyongyang was dark at night. As I went to North Korea again and again in the later period, the power supply was more adequate.

△ Pyongyang subway station

When I was traveling in North Korea in the early days, I had some observations and thought I could do trade, so I naturally started to do it later. It’s not easy for Chinese to go to North Korea to do trade. If he doesn’t know people in North Korea and doesn’t understand the situation in North Korea, it’s still difficult to achieve. He needs someone to bring him to join the trade. I also found a relationship at first.

Not everyone in North Korea can do business, but all clubs (trade clubs under the army or state-owned enterprises) or trade representatives do foreign trade. North Korea is allowed to do business in the name of clubs, and the staff of trade clubs can get rewards and rewards from the state if they want to complete sales or production tasks. Many North Korean staff lived in China in those years.

Go to North Korea for gold

△ I visited Pyongyang No.1 Middle School, and students used laptops in class.

When I was a child, I remember that some people sent a lot of old TVs to North Korea. Probably in the early 1990s, when it was a big old TV set, it was not ultra-thin. In 2007, I saw someone buying a large number of laptops in Shenyang computer market. I was curious about how so many laptops were bought. The store told me that they were sold to North Korea. Because first-hand computers are too expensive for Koreans, many computers sold in many North Korean shopping malls are old.

△ Overlooking Pyongyang

I started looking for people with Korean relations, and I started slowly. I transported the recovered used computers from Dandong to North Korea by truck through an international freight company, and wrote down the contact information of the recipient of the DPRK. Trucks can be transported across the border, and trains can also be transported through international transport. At that time, North Korea did not have so many international sanctions, and trucks ran every day.

△ North Korean street

Trade is ever-changing and all-encompassing. We will do whatever North Korea needs, bit by bit, from small to big, and with the expansion of contacts, we will know more and more partners.

△ Pyongyang Dacheng Clothing Factory

Second-hand household appliances and clothing have had trade peaks in North Korea. After reselling used computers, I went on to do clothing trade. Xiliu Wholesale Market in Liaoning and Wuai Market in Shenyang are very famous in Northeast Asia. In the past, Russians and Mongolians would go there to purchase goods. We pack the clothes here, transport them to clubs in North Korea and sell them locally.

Many Koreans come to China with goods. Some North Koreans go to the wholesale market to buy a lot of clothes on business trips. Because they are cheap, they go back and add money to sell them. Now it is also the case.

△ I am accompanied by Ms. Hua Qing from North Korea.

Besides selling clothes, I have also done building materials, bulk commodities and so on. What North Korea lacked in the past, we immediately prepared it, and this kind of trade is very easy to do. When it was not sanctioned, the funds were relatively abundant. Now, after years of sanctions, North Korea’s economy is relatively weak. For example, it needs cash, but it can’t give you a refund immediately. Now both sides are afraid of being cheated in business, and there have been tragedies of being cheated before, so North Korea needs people like us.

△ I went to Pyongyang to have an interview with people from the club.

In the early years, I didn’t have to go to North Korea often. I communicated with clubs or trade representatives by sending international faxes and making phone calls. Conditional units would have a landline and fax to receive international calls. We couldn’t call their mobile phones, but only the landline. As soon as a dozen landline phones are called for someone, the person who answers the phone will shout all over the building, and then he will hear the footsteps of someone running to answer the phone.

I still use my computer to send emails. The other party needs to register my email address with the communication department before sending it to North Korea, mainly to prevent espionage. North Korea’s network is disconnected from the Internet. As soon as the club staff turns on their computers, they log on to the e-mail page and can only send and receive e-mails, but other websites can’t be opened.

△ Visit Pyongyang Dacheng Garment Factory

North Korean personnel are also very smart now. They have a relatively accurate understanding of the prices in China. They send an email directly in the form of a list, write down the prices clearly and ask me if I can do a certain price. Recently, I cooperated with the largest air-conditioning factory in North Korea, as well as the refrigerator and washing machine factory, which required tens of thousands of parts, and these parts were not new, and they were all used.

Go out accompanied by three Koreans.

△ I and North Korea accompanied Ms. Hua Qing to say goodbye at Pyongyang Railway Station.

△ stewardess of Koryo Airlines

In the past five years, I have traveled to and from North Korea more frequently because I gradually started to do business and cultural exchange of bulk commodities. Every time I go to North Korea, I take a train or a plane. It takes me 40 minutes to fly from Shenyang to Pyongyang. People from the Korean club will meet us at the airport or the railway station. Generally, there are three people, one driver and two escorts.

△ I am staying in a foreign-related hotel.

Then drive us to foreign-related hotels in Pyongyang. These hotels only allow foreigners to stay, such as Koryo Hotel, but the reception staff of the North Korean unit will accompany us throughout those days, so all of them will stay in hotels. Accompanied by North Korean personnel, you can ask where you want to go, and you can go to most places.

Sometimes the North Korean club entertains, and the atmosphere comes together, singing and dancing, and shouting "Long live the friendship between China and North Korea", which is often the case. Among all countries in the world, North Koreans should have the deepest feelings for Chinese.

△ at the entrance of international communication bureau

△ Inside the business hall of the International Telecommunication Bureau

Every time I enter the country, I will take my mobile phone card to the business hall of the International Telecommunication Bureau to activate it. I used to run a mobile phone card for foreigners in North Korea. It costs 200 dollars to open a 3G card, and the traffic fee is particularly expensive. I have to activate it before I can use it. When I went to North Korea in 2003, there was no internet, and I was not allowed to bring my mobile phone into the country. I had to stay in Dandong.

△ Jiangsu and Zhejiang businessmen cut the ribbon for opening a small shopping mall.

△ Small commodities sold in the shopping mall of Yimitai

Some time ago, I took businessmen from Jiangsu and Zhejiang to cut the ribbon in a small shopping mall opened in Pyongyang, and I planned to try it first. They are all bosses of small commodities in Yiwu, and some have their own factories, which make stationery, fabrics and clothing. They also contacted the clubs in North Korea through intermediaries and found the docking unit in North Korea before opening the shopping mall.

△ Small multifunctional ATM

North Korea Future Bank has recently developed a small multi-functional cash machine, and a small number of them are currently being promoted and used. North Korea develops software and we provide hardware equipment for the machine. These deposit machines look very simple. Insert the bank card, and the screen shows that you can withdraw money, recharge your mobile phone, and buy games and movies on them.

Korean people all have mobile phones, and you can also see low-headed people on the subway. But mobile phones have to pay to download games and movies, which is very cheap. A movie costs 1,000 to 2,000 won, which is equivalent to 2 yuan, and ordinary people can afford it.

△ I am wearing a portrait stamp with the head of the North Korean leader printed on it.

After years of trading, I was awarded a portrait seal by the North Korean government. This chapter is awarded to people who have made outstanding contributions to North Korea and needs the help of relevant units and clubs to apply. There is also a small ceremony when you wear it. It is very formal. A circle of people or several people surround you. A leader gives a speech first, praising his contribution to North Korea, then puts it on my chest, and then the people around him applaud.

If I continue to develop in Pyongyang, I may prepare to open an office in Pyongyang next year, that is, a branch. The Koreans call it a branch, so I can be more free. I can buy a car in Pyongyang and hang a red license plate for foreigners, which means "outside" in Chinese.

Life and consumption of Koreans

△ High-rise buildings on the streets of Pyongyang

△ Korea Hospital

Although I have been doing business with North Korea for more than ten years, I can only understand Korean, but I can’t speak it very well. The accompanying staff often introduce me. The North Korean government attaches great importance to education, and it is difficult for the country, but the welfare policy is better, providing free housing and education for the people. Although there are some signs of buying and selling real estate, there are not many, and the government does not advocate or oppose it. Medical care is also free, which is called the national health insurance system.

I have visited the Learning Hall of Renmin University in Kim Il Sung Square, where people are taught many things for free, such as five foreign languages, Chinese, English, Russian, Japanese and Spanish. North Koreans are now working hard to learn foreign languages, and they are full of learning spirit. Their homes are all for people to study and train college students.

△ Pyongyang people like to eat cold noodles in Yuliu Pavilion.

After Kim Jong-un took office, North Korea can be said to have undergone earth-shaking changes. Many new high-rise buildings have been built, and large national projects have been completed one after another. The whole North Korea has also set off a wave of making money. It is not shameful to make money, and the people also have the determination to invigorate the economy. In the past, North Korea did not allow consumption, even if it had money, it might not dare to spend it. Now it’s all liberalized. As long as you have money and can make money, you can spend it.

△ Department Store in Guangfu District of Pyongyang

The newly opened Dacheng department store in Pyongyang has luxury goods and international cosmetics, and many people go shopping. In the past, Koreans were not allowed to sell things secretly, but now they all turn a blind eye. At night, there are many stalls in bridge opening, a bicycle lane. Everyone sets up a stall and supports an LED lamp. The lamps are all the same, so many people go there to buy things.

△ Accompanied by North Korea who hosted me

Walking on the streets of Pyongyang, you can see that women’s clothes are also very popular, and all kinds of colors look pleasing to the eye. People don’t save much money. Without that concept, they spend money and pay more attention to the quality of life. North Koreans make their homes beautiful, and they are willing to spend money on decoration.

After all, it is the capital. Ordinary people have money. Some people also spend RMB in their wallets. There are exchange rates in shops. Many foreign currencies in North Korea are in circulation, including US dollars, British pounds, euros, RMB and Japanese yen. Some markets can only use Korean currency. I can only change RMB into US dollars first, and then change US dollars into Korean currency.

△ Round restaurant

The signs of shops on the street are particularly simple and interesting. In some places, restaurants just write the word "restaurant", which is called canteen in Korean, and shops only write shops, and the place where hair is cut is called barber shop, and it’s over, unlike our ever-changing signs here. North Korea’s signboards are not allowed to go too far, and their names must be approved, and they must be famous, such as Donghai Hotel and Yinhe Shopping Mall.

△ North Korean couple’s wedding

I once met a Korean couple getting married at the entrance of the hotel, and the escort told me that the red envelope given by the Koreans when they got married was US dollars, which was 50 dollars for a normal relationship, 100 dollars for a better one, and 1,000 dollars for relatives and friends.

North Korea’s fertility rate is not high, and the country now attaches great importance to improving the fertility rate and is slowly carrying out reforms. Women who give birth to more than five children in North Korea will be called "heroic mothers" and the state will issue certificates. If twins are born, a gold ring will be given to the boy, and a silver makeup knife will be given to the girl. The silver makeup knife is a dowry item, and it is a knife made of silver.

△ North Korean street

Visiting and trading in North Korea, I also saw more about the daily life of North Koreans. There are many taboos in wearing clothes in North Korea, such as clothes that are too exotic, jeans and more exposed ones. There are discipline pickets in North Korea. On the way, I saw the retired old lady standing on the street and watching. As soon as any girl wore something special, she immediately came out to stop: Why did you come out dressed like this? Not next time. Which unit is it?

△ Hanging paintings in North Korean hospitals

North Korea attaches great importance to the education of the main idea, and often holds meetings. In the supermarket, books with red covers are also sold, which are political and ideological study report books. Koreans will buy them, and the unit will organize study every Saturday, which has become a habit. Foreigners are not allowed to buy it, but I secretly asked the Koreans to buy one.

△ In the Enqing Hotel of Pyongyang Acrobatics Institute, North Korea accompanied the singing performance.

△ Korean people dancing in the park

The Korean nation has been a nation that can sing and dance since ancient times. In Pyongyang’s parks, people often dance together, and children can basically play one or two musical instruments, which seems to be very happy. Although North Korea is now cut off from the international community, to a certain extent, I feel that people sometimes don’t know too much and have no pressure.

△ Indoor volleyball court in Wanjingtai Children’s Palace

Koreans love sports very much. Every unit has a dual-purpose court, volleyball and basketball. They especially like playing volleyball and table tennis. From 12 noon to 2 pm, all units are closed. The whole company, regardless of men, women and children, came out to dance in groups, which was very passionate.

△ At the Pyongyang Marathon, Europeans and Americans came to participate.

△ I participated in the marathon in Pyongyang.

I have run two marathons in Pyongyang, and I have met many people from Chinese and Europe and America. Foreigners are so energetic that they are particularly curious about North Korea, but they don’t feel much after reading it.

△ I am accompanied by North Korea

North Korea is not mysterious, nor is it as terrible as outsiders think. In fact, it has been trying to integrate into the international community. It is a very normal country, but outsiders don’t understand it.

I feel honored to engage in economic activities and cultural exchanges with North Korea now, which can enhance the outside world’s understanding of North Korea. The longer I have been in contact with North Korea, I will have some feelings for this nation, and I hope that the friendship between the two countries will last forever.

Oral | Zhao Bin

Author | Lu Xiaoxi

Edit | Tula

Intern | Zou Wenchang

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The picture is provided by the interviewee

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