Qingdao explores the establishment of a patent pledge insurance loan model ＂knowledge-based＂ to change capital patents into dividends.
Qingdao Haifeile Company is a scientific and technological enterprise. The professional fluid pneumatic valve products they produce are of excellent quality. They have received a large number of orders from foreign manufacturers and are in urgent need of funds to expand their production capacity. However, it is difficult for enterprises to obtain bank loans because they despise assets and lack collateral. At this time, the innovative patent pledge insurance loan business in Qingdao, Shandong Province, solved their urgent needs, and they pledged loans of 1 million yuan with 10 patents.
In Qingdao, there are countless cases of "knowledge-based" capitalization. Under the guidance of the government, insurance companies, banks, guarantee companies, patent agencies, insurance brokerage companies, etc. have jointly established a patent pledge insurance loan service alliance, forming a platform for market-oriented operation and professional services.
"The biggest feature of our platform is that the government guides, the market dominates, and the government’s financial funds are not at the bottom, allowing the market to play its closed-loop resource allocation role, thus establishing a long-term mechanism." Liu Jianzhi, director of Qingdao Intellectual Property Affairs Center, said.
The platform mentioned by Liu Jianzhi is called "Qingdao Patent Pledge Insurance Loan Alliance". At present, it has gathered 10 banks, 8 insurance companies, 4 guarantee companies, 7 patent service agencies and 1 insurance brokerage company. This platform links hundreds and more small and medium-sized scientific and technological enterprises.
"At the beginning of the establishment of the platform, it must be strongly promoted by the government," said Liu Jianzhi, a subsidiary of Qingdao Science and Technology Bureau — — When Qingdao Intellectual Property Affairs Center took the lead in building the patent pledge insurance loan alliance at first, it discussed and studied with financial institutions many times, and only a few service organizations such as banks, insurance, guarantees and intermediaries participated. "Now, the relevant professional service organizations are scrambling to participate, and the key is to solve the common problem of patent pledge loans ‘ Risk control is difficult ’ ‘ Difficult valuation ’ ‘ Difficult to handle ’ And other issues, opened up the market allocation of resources ‘ Ren Du Er Mai ’ " .
Why is there this "three difficulties"? There are many reasons, for example, the patent value is difficult to identify, and the evaluation value often deviates greatly from the actual transaction price; Another example is that if something goes wrong, the patent right is difficult to dispose of and realize; In addition, the relevant departments lack a coordination mechanism, and it is difficult for banks to link up the risk control chain alone.
Li Yingjie, director of the alliance office, told the reporter, "The alliance first established a collaborative mechanism. At the same time, the new loan model changed the bank’s 100% loan risk to 60%, 20% and 20% shared by insurance, bank and guarantee, which solved the problem that patents are intangible assets and brought high risks to bank loans, and changed the traditional practice that patent pledge financing was generally funded by government financial funds."
Li Yingjie introduced that the introduction of insurance is the key to form this chain. To this end, they also solved the problem of incompatibility between the upper regulations of the insurance industry and the banking industry. "The Insurance Law stipulates a 30-day indemnity period, and the overdue penalty interest of the bank generated during the indemnity period of the insurance company does not meet the underwriting conditions. The bank’s "General Rules for Loans" stipulates that overdue penalty interest belongs to the bank’s credit assets, and it cannot be settled without recovery. Through the participation of the guarantee company, we effectively solved this contradiction by using its compensation function to repay first, thus contributing to the successful cooperation between insurance companies and banks and realizing the work goal of insurance inciting bank loans. "
Professional services are also the basis for the market-oriented operation of this platform. They have established a risk resolution system of "recommendation, evaluation, responsibility, risk and loan". "Guarantee, insurance and loan" is the chain cycle formed by the above-mentioned guarantee, insurance, banking and other institutions; "recommendation" is mainly recommended by government departments, which is conducive to identifying whether enterprises have moral hazard; "Evaluation" refers to the introduction of patent service agencies, and the traditional patent evaluation is changed to the evaluation of the legal stability, technological advancement and economic growth of patent rights, with special emphasis on the evaluation of the ability of products operated by patented technology to create economic value, which makes banks, insurance, guarantee and other institutions have a clearer understanding of the patents to be pledged and solves the problem of difficult risk control.
"The problem of difficult disposal of pledged patents has also been effectively solved." Li Yingjie told reporters that at present, they have formed three modes of disposal, namely, equity swap, patent transaction and judicial auction, and have reserved trading resources such as venture capital institutions and patent trading platforms. "In the process of patent evaluation and due diligence, we have found out the relevant information of competitors of the patented technology pledged by loan enterprises, and targeted disposal is conducive to realizing high-value realization of patent transactions. Of course, our loan companies have not had loan risk problems so far. "
However, government departments use limited financial funds to help enterprises alleviate the problem of expensive financing. They reduce the financing cost by subsidizing the discount on patent pledge loans, subsidizing insurance premiums, subsidizing patent evaluation fees and encouraging patent evaluation institutions. Xu Kai, the financial director of Qingdao Runyang Company, calculated an account for the reporter. Their company used the patent right to pledge a loan of 2 million yuan, and the annual loan cost was only 5.3%. However, if they directly went to the bank for a loan, they needed to pay nearly 8% annual interest, "which is equivalent to saving the loan cost by more than 40%".
So far, the win-win effect brought by Qingdao patent pledge insurance loan model has been realized. The alliance has formed a positive cycle of marketization: banks, insurance, guarantee and other institutions have achieved low risk and high income; Intermediaries can obtain stable service fees; Science and technology enterprises get much-needed funds; The government has also achieved double growth in employment and tax revenue … …
Qingdao, a brand-new patent pledge insurance loan model, is full of vitality because of market-oriented resource allocation. Over the past two years since the implementation of the "Qingdao Model", the service alliance has accepted and completed the loan applications and patent evaluations of 150 enterprises, among which 77 enterprises that have issued loans have obtained a total of 269 million yuan in bank loans, and the accumulated insurance coverage amount is more than 285 million yuan. In fact, the finance allocated more than 7 million yuan, and the financial fund effect was expanded 35 times. "We conducted a follow-up survey of 23 enterprises that lent money in 2016. The income tax paid by them increased by 25% year-on-year, and the enterprises with double growth in sales revenue and profits accounted for 78.26%. There was no loss-making enterprise." Liu Jianzhi said. (Economic Daily China Economic Net reporter Liu Cheng)