How to wave the baton of talent evaluation in China’s professional title system facing major reform

　　These days, Yu Xiaoxi (a pseudonym), a primary school teacher in Qingdao, Shandong Province, has been discussing the topic of evaluating professional titles with colleagues. "For young teachers, evaluating professional titles is a matter of both hope and entanglement." Yu Xiaoxi said that since last year, the title evaluation of primary and secondary schools has got rid of the "two mountains" of computers and foreign languages. After the title reform, I hope my ability and contribution can be recognized more fairly and timely.

　　Recently, the General Offices of the General Office of the Central Committee of the CPC and the State Council issued the Opinions on Deepening the Reform of Professional Title System (hereinafter referred to as the Opinions), which indicates that this system involving more than 55 million professional and technical personnel will usher in a major reform. How to push forward the reform, how to land, and how to wave the "baton" of talent team construction have become the focus of public opinion.

　　Do a good job of "addition and subtraction"

　　Improve the title system

　　Talking about the significance of the professional title reform, Wu Jiang, a researcher at China Talent Research Association, said: "The professional title reform is a breakthrough in the talent evaluation system, and it is the ‘ Baton ’ Return to making contributions to the country. The future trend is to strengthen the construction of talent team through the adjustment of talent structure and around the national development strategy. "

　　According to the "Opinions", the title series "has been increased and decreased without change". "unchanged" refers to the series of professional titles that will continue to be used in engineering, health, agriculture, economy, accounting, statistics, translation, press and publication, radio and television, art, teachers, scientific research and other fields; "Subtraction" refers to the cancellation of individual title series that are not suitable for social development and the integration of title series with similar professional attributes; "Plus" means to adapt to the new needs of economic and social development and explore the creation of title series in emerging professional fields.

　　Wu Jiang said in an interview with this reporter that the increase or decrease and adjustment of the title series will become the norm. On the one hand, with the progress of science, new occupations will be created in frontier fields and interdisciplinary subjects, and the original 29 series are obviously not enough, so it is necessary to add them to the society and the market; On the other hand, the series with similar knowledge systems and clear academic standards, such as primary school teachers and middle school teachers, and the completely market-oriented occupations such as lawyers should be integrated and abolished.

　　"The setting of the title series is rather lacking." Wu Jiang said, "New occupations don’t grow up overnight, and it often takes decades to form a complete knowledge system. Therefore, the new title series must be cautious and cannot be easily established, because it is related to the quality of talents and technical standards. "

　　In terms of hierarchy setting, the senior professional titles will "benefit all kinds of professional and technical talents". According to the Opinions, junior, intermediate and senior titles are set in all title series. At present, the title series without full and senior titles are all set to full and senior titles, so as to expand the career development space of professional and technical personnel. This means that professional and technical personnel in economics, accounting, statistics, agriculture, shipping, flight, arts and crafts, experimental technology, technical secondary school teachers, technical school teachers and other series will be able to participate in the evaluation of senior titles.

　　Yu Jiadong, director of Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security Professional and Technical Personnel Management Department, said that this policy can smooth the career development channels at all levels and protect the enthusiasm, initiative and creativity of the work. Previously, the title reform of primary and secondary school teachers has been rolled out all over the country, and the "primary school professor" has changed from expectation to reality. Public opinion generally believes that primary and secondary school teachers have the same career development space as professors and researchers for the first time, which has solved the job burnout of "ship to dock and train to station" to some extent.

　　However, some experts pointed out that the popularization of senior professional titles does not simply solve the problem of treatment, nor does it mean that the number of senior professional titles will rise. Wu Jiang said that the expansion of Zhenggao’s professional title means higher pursuit and greater responsibility, and its purpose is to improve the technical quality of the industry.

　　Say goodbye to "one size fits all"

　　Change the evaluation criteria

　　There are many highlights in improving the evaluation criteria in this professional title reform. The Opinions put forward a series of breakthrough reform measures around three aspects: morality, ability and performance, and strived to overcome the "three-only" tendency of focusing only on academic qualifications, qualifications and papers.

　　"This is a scientific reform direction, which can break some unreasonable constraints in the career promotion channel of professional and technical personnel, such as simply recognizing that doctors are better than masters, or paying too much attention to the number of papers and ignoring the quality. Reform also helps teachers to make time for real learning. " Yi Caitian, a young teacher of Beijing Institute of Printing, told this reporter.

　　The "Opinions" put forward that the conditions for papers and scientific research achievements in the evaluation of professional titles should be set reasonably, and the performance level and actual contribution of professional and technical personnel should be highlighted. For professional and technical personnel working in hard and remote areas and at the grassroots level, the requirements for papers are diluted or not made, and the requirements for academic qualifications and service years may be appropriately relaxed; For the series of professional titles with strong practicality and operability and unclear research attributes, no paper requirements are required.

　　Lao Li, a deputy senior engineer working in a local power company, told this reporter that it is good for grassroots staff to dilute the requirements of the thesis. "We are mainly engaged in practical work at the grassroots level. We have no energy and conditions to engage in scientific research or invention, and it is difficult to publish papers. Therefore, many people spend money to find a magazine to buy a page or ask someone to write it for them in order to evaluate their professional titles and send papers. "

　　Yi Caitian also pointed out that under the pressure of the number of papers in the examination stage, college teachers sometimes pieced together articles and shoddy them, and individual academic journals even needed to rely on "page fees" to survive and operate.

　　In order to solve these problems, the Opinions put forward the representative work system, focusing on the research results and the quality of creative works, and diluting the number of papers. Yang Jie (a pseudonym), a lecturer in communication in Peking University, told this reporter that the representative system has been implemented in some colleges and universities, and the effect is good. "This can reduce the number competition of teachers’ papers and encourage everyone to focus more on creating fine works."

　　The "Opinions" also mentioned the exploration of replacing papers with patent achievements, project reports and design documents. "This requires the employer to combine the evaluation of professional titles with the actual needs of the post, and how to evaluate how to use people. Different industries must have different evaluation criteria, and it is definitely impossible to rely entirely on papers." Wu Jiang said.

　　There is no uniform requirement for the examination of professional titles and computer application ability, which is also an aspect that has attracted much attention in this reform. Lao Li said that foreign languages were not used in grass-roots work at all, and the requirement of "one size fits all" in the past became a "roadblock" in the promotion of some colleagues’ titles.

　　"A teacher didn’t realize that there was a lack of one foreign language or computer exam until he evaluated his professional title, which led to a delay in promotion for several years." Yi Caitian said, "Foreign language and computer examination time sometimes conflicts with working hours. In addition, some test questions are far from the actual work. "

　　In fact, the foreign language test for professional titles has been questioned for more than 20 years, and it has even become a cash cow for some institutions and individuals, breeding a gray industrial chain from training, taking the test, transmitting answers to revising grades.

　　Xiong Bingqi, vice president of 21st Century Education Research Institute, said in an interview with this newspaper that China had added examination and thesis requirements to the title evaluation, which meant avoiding human manipulation. But this, like the college entrance examination system, only solves the superficial fairness, not the scientific evaluation of talents.

　　"I have been receiving various ‘ Guaranteed ’ Text messages and emails that change grades. " Miss Zhang, who works in the media, said, "This kind of examination can’t really assess the professional level, and it also takes time and money, which increases the risk of personal information disclosure."

　　With the relaxation of hard indicators in the evaluation of professional titles, how to ensure fairness and justice is a key issue in the system design. The "Opinions" put forward that we should improve the disciplinary mechanism of good faith commitment and dishonesty, implement the "one-vote veto system" for academic fraud, and revoke all titles obtained through fraud, black-box operation and other violations. Experts pointed out that this can curb the unhealthy trend in the evaluation of professional titles to a certain extent.

　　Do not engage in "great unification"

　　Innovation evaluation mechanism

　　The problem of professional titles not only makes teachers, doctors and other groups worry, but also almost "loses" an Olympic gold medal. It is reported that during the Rio Olympic Games, an athlete was worried about the evaluation of his professional title, and asked the relevant leaders to "discuss" before going into battle. He didn’t rest assured to go out until he got a positive answer. In the end, he not only won the gold medal, but also achieved a new breakthrough in this project in China.

　　How to solve the confusion and problems of professional titles? The key is to improve the evaluation mechanism of professional titles. The "Opinions" put forward that the leading role of the employer in the evaluation of professional titles should be brought into play, and the evaluation authority of professional titles should be scientifically defined and reasonably decentralized. Gradually delegate the right to evaluate senior professional titles to qualified cities or social organizations, and promote universities, hospitals, research institutes, large enterprises and other enterprises and institutions with intensive talents to independently carry out professional title evaluation according to management authority.

　　Wu Jiang believes that to innovate talent management methods, the key point is to solve the problem of decentralization of evaluation power. "The past job title evaluation ‘ One size fits all ’ ‘ Great unification ’ Nowadays, it is emphasized to decentralize and loosen the employer, which means to decentralize the authority and combine the professional title evaluation with the actual needs of the post. "

　　The purpose of decentralization is to realize the scientific evaluation of talents and ensure fairness and justice. "In the past, the professional title evaluation mechanism was an administrative-led evaluation mechanism, which externalized the internal literacy of practitioners and did not match personal academic contributions and work ability." Xiong Bingqi said that in order for the evaluation to really pay attention to the ability and level of the participants, it is necessary to reform the evaluation mechanism led by administrative forces and implement academic community evaluation.

　　In this regard, the "Opinions" proposes to establish an industry evaluation mechanism based on peer expert evaluation, and pay attention to introducing market evaluation and social evaluation. Encourage qualified areas to establish a separate evaluation Committee or evaluation group for professional and technical personnel at the grass-roots level for independent evaluation. Adopt a variety of evaluation methods to improve the pertinence and scientificity of professional title evaluation.

　　Talking about the government decentralization and evaluation mechanism, Wu Jiang said that the reform policy is focused on implementation. "First, the decentralization of government should be in place, and it cannot be intercepted at different levels. For example, the comprehensive management department released the right, and the result was stopped by the competent department; The second is to prevent the internal control of employers. For example, in schools, senior titles are taken away by principals, but front-line teachers cannot get them. " Wu Jiang said that the establishment of a jury and a review team should also be geared to the needs of the society, with independent review, clear personnel composition, open rules and results, and accept social supervision.

　　In addition to decentralization, the Opinions also clarify that it is necessary to combine management and optimize services. For example, strengthen the supervision of independent review. If the review right cannot be exercised correctly and the quality of the review cannot be ensured, the independent review will be suspended until the review right is recovered; Improve professional examination and evaluation institutions, establish an information management system for professional title evaluation and examination, and carry out inquiry and verification services for professional title certificates.

　　Regarding the introduction of overseas talents, the Opinions are also written. For example, professional and technical talents from Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan who are employed in the Mainland, as well as foreigners who hold permanent residence permits for foreigners or residence permits for overseas high-level talents issued by various places, can participate in the evaluation of professional titles as required; For the imported overseas high-level talents and talents in urgent need, the restrictions on qualifications, years and other conditions will be relaxed, and a green channel for professional title evaluation will be established; Explore the international mutual recognition of the evaluation results of professional and technical personnel in mature fields.

　　“‘ Belt and Road ’ Construction needs many foreign talents, which requires exploring and developing international mutual recognition of talent evaluation and opening up the use of overseas talents. " Wu Jiang said that the introduction of overseas talents should adapt to international practices, and at the same time, a catalogue of high-end talents in short supply should be compiled as soon as possible to accurately introduce talents in various countries. Only in this way can the professional title evaluation and green channel construction of overseas talents keep up.